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whole subject remained untouched after De Graaf, until it was taken 

 up again by CI. Bernard. 



DOG WITH A PAROTID AND A PANCREATIC FISTULA, SHOWING VESSELS (A,A) FOR 



COLLECTING THE SALIVA AND PANCREATIC JUICE RESPECTIVELY. 



IT IS TAKEN FROM THE ORIGINAL FIGURE BY DE GRAAF. 



By taste alone the juice was determined to be acid. The discovery 

 of the lacteals, and the presence in them of chyle, led Sylvius to think 

 that all the nutritious matter of the food passed that way to reach the 

 blood. De Graaf, in 1668, gave an excellent account of the structure 

 of the testis, as consisting of tubules folded up in lobules. His 

 name is more familiar in connection with the ovarium, although this 

 term is said to have been first applied to it by Steno (Myol. Specimen, 

 p. 145). De Graaf appears to have been the first to describe its 

 structure, and the vesicles that still bear his name, and the changes 

 they undergo in different periods of gestation (De mulierum Organis 

 Generat. inserv. tract, novus, Lugd. Bat. 1672). These vesicles received 

 their present name from Haller, who called them ova Graajiana or 

 vesiculce Graajiana?,. 



The story of the discovery of the gland we now know by the 

 name of Peyer is interesting. JEAN CONRAD PEYER was 

 born at Schaffhausen, in Switzerland, where he practised, dying 

 there in 1712. He tells us that he saw these glands scattered in 

 definite portions over the small intestine, some singly, some in groups. 

 He thought each had a pore at its summit and that they were 

 secretory (or conglomerate) glands and not lymphatic (or conglobate). 

 His view was that they secreted a digestive juice which is most useful 

 in the lower part of the gut. I have reproduced his original figure 

 from his work entitled De Glandulis Intestinorum eorumque usu et 

 affectionibus (Amstel. 1681). In this connection it may not be without 

 interest to reproduce a plate from N. Grew's work showing these 



