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leaving Bonn, he passed three terms at Wiirzburg, and then went to 

 Berlin for his examinations (1834), where lie found Miiller, who had 

 become Professor of Anatomy and Physiology, as successor to 

 Rudolphi, and Henle as his assistant. 



" I can picture him as a man under middle height, beardless, with an almost 

 infantile countenance, and a lively, smiling expression, brownish hair, clad in a fur coat, 

 and living in a small dingy back room on the second floor of a not-quite second class 

 restaurant (corner of Friedrich- und Mohrenstrasse). There he remained sometimes for 

 days, surrounded by a few books, and innumerable glass bulbs, tubes, and much primitive 

 apparatus made by himself. Or I transport myself in imagination to the dark, sombre 

 room euphemistically called an Anatomical Institute, situated behind the ' Garnison- 

 kirche,' where we worked till nightfall alongside our excellent chef Johannes Miiller. In 

 the evening we dined, English fashion, in order to take full advantage of the daylight. 

 "We lunched with the director in his room at midday, the wife of the porter supplying 

 the food, and we the wine and the jokes." 



" These were the happy days, which the present generation may well envy us, happy 

 days when one had the first good microscopes from the workshop of Plossl in Vienna, or 

 Pistor and Schiek in Berlin, which we paid for by our small savings ; these the days 

 when it was possible to make discoveries of the first order by scratching an animal 

 membrane with the nail or with the belly of a scalpel. Schwann busied himself vigorously 

 with the microscopic investigations instigated by Miiller, but with even more energy 

 hi' pursued experimental physiology." 



This is the account given by J. HENLE (1809-1885) in 

 Archil- f. mik. Anat., XXIX., 1882. 



From 1834 he was Prosector in the Anatomical Museum at the 

 magnificent salary of ten thalers — thirty shillings — a month. In 

 1839 he accepted a call to the Catholic University of Louvain, where 

 he remained until 1848, when he was invited to Liege, where he was 

 at first Professor of General and Special Anatomy, and, after ten 

 years, Professor of Physiology. 



About 1837 Midler was engaged in writing the part of his 

 Handbook dealing with physiology of muscle and nerve. According 

 to Henle, Schwann's view is that a muscle fibre (Muskelbiindel) is made 

 up of parallel fibrillar, and that the transversely striated appearance 

 is the expression of a similar striation of the fibrils. He was the 

 first to find striped muscles in the upper half of the oesophagus, and in 

 the so-called erectile appendages of the turkey (Henle). As to 

 nerve, who does not know the sheaths of the axis cylinder that bear 

 his name ? In this connection we must not forget the work of 

 Purkinje and Remak. 



The question of spontaneous generation takes one back to the 

 time of Redi and Spallanzani, to Needham and Buffbn, and to 

 Ehrenberg. Ehrenberg from 1830 combated the idea of spontaneous 

 generation of infusoria. About the same time F. Schultze 

 (Poggendorffs Annalen, 1836) and Schwann (1837) attacked this 



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