SO WING. I 5 



sion of as much light, and no more, than is 

 necessary to the well-being of the young crop at 

 every stage. 



In South Germany, where the period is frequently 

 protracted to thirty years, it is based less on the 

 necessities of the young crop than on the ascer- 

 tained fact that, in a forest in which the trees have 

 already been drawn up to their full height, a sharp 

 thinning out, to an extent that allows every tree 

 to stand alone, results in the production of as 

 large an increment as would be made by a close 

 forest of the same area, and of a larger class of 

 timber than could be grown in close forests a fact 

 of the utmost importance in the treatment of our 

 plantations of naturally non-gregarious trees, such 

 as sissoo, to which further reference will be made 

 in the chapter on thinning. 



This is the simplest and most economical of all 

 systems of reproduction, and is especially applicable 

 to forests of deciduous trees. 



This method is sometimes supplemented by 

 hoeing the ground to a depth of a few inches in 

 small spots a few feet apart, a method facilitating 

 the lodgment of the seed, and insuring its taking 

 root, especially in hard or stiff soils. 



If it is desired to substitute another class of tree 

 for that now growing in the forest, the seed of the 

 required class should be scattered over the forest 



