50 NOTES ON FORESTRY. 



each end, one to lash it to the log on either side, 

 and, after being thus lashed together, the free ends, 

 of the bands serve to connect the several joints ; 

 but they are supplemented by two other bands 

 passed through the holes for this purpose expressly. 

 The holes, must thus always be large enough to 

 admit of two bands being passed through them. 



These bands are not as pliable as rope, and can- 

 not be securely fastened without the aid of a good 

 strong pick, the point of which is used for making 

 a passage, as sailors use marling-spikes, and the 

 hammer to tighten the knots by striking upon the 

 bight. 



Each joint is usually constructed separately on 

 the bank, then launched and lashed to the joint in 

 front of it. 



The raft tapers to the front, the leading joint 

 consisting of three or four saplings only of 6 to 8 in. 

 diameter. This joint is made with great care, the 

 fastenings being supplemented by a wooden pin 

 passed through all the logs breadthways. From 



near the point, also, a light spar extends back for 

 some feet over the second joint, rising at such an 



