160 THE NURSERY-MANUAL 



the cion is set, and again at intervals during the season. 

 The cion often makes sufficient growth the first season to 

 form a salable tree by fall. Purple and weeping 

 beeches may be grafted in this way, except that 

 the operation should be performed in late sum- 

 mer or fall, with freshly cut cions, much the same 

 as for summer budding. 



Bark-grafting. A style of grafting suited to 

 large trees is explained in Fig. 189. This is the 

 bark-graft, sometimes unfortunately called crown- 

 graft. The stock is not cleft, but the cions are 

 pushed down between the bark and wood. The 

 cions must be cut very thin, so that they will not 

 break the bark on the stock (Fig. 190). It is cut 

 to a shoulder on either side. Several 

 cions can be placed in a single stub, and 

 as no splitting is necessary, it is a useful 

 Fi 189 me thd f r ver y l ar ge limbs. It is 

 Bark-graft specially useful in repairing trees when 

 (x j). verv ] ar g e branches are broken off. The 



broken stub is sawn off smooth, and a dozen or 

 more cions may be set around it. Only a few of 

 them should be allowed to remain after the wound 

 has been healed. Bark-grafting can be performed 

 to advantage only when the bark peels readily. 

 The cions should be held in place by a firm band- 

 age, as seen in Fig. 189, and then wax should be 

 applied as for cleft-grafting. 



Bridge-grafting. A special form of bark-grafting 

 is sometimes employed for covering girdles about 

 the base of an old tree, made by mice, gophers or bark-graft- 

 rabbits. Inasmuch as it is surgery rather than 

 propagation, a discussion of it is hardly in place in a nursery 

 book, yet the reader is likely to look for it here. (See Chap- 

 ter IV, v "The Tuning-Manual") 



