164 



THE NURSERY-MANUAL 



and more satisfactory method than cleft-grafting in very 

 curly wood. The tying is a slow process, and for straight- 

 grained wood the cleft-graft is to be preferred. It is also open 

 to the objection of requiring the shoots to be staked or tied 

 to some support, for the wind is apt to break the point of 

 union more easily than with other 

 methods. A good union admits of a 

 very strong growth, and if the above 

 precautions are kept in mind the vines 

 will equal those produced by the more 

 common methods." 



Cutting-grafting. Cuttage and graft- 

 age may be combined in various ways. 

 Cuttings of plants that root with diffi- 

 culty are sometimes grafted on those 

 that root easily. A good example is 

 in Fig. 159. When the plants are 

 transplanted, the following autumn or 

 spring, the nurse or stock may be re- 

 moved, the cion having taken root. 

 The connection may be made by means 

 FIG. 194. Cutting-grafting o f a w hip-graft, veneer-graft or other 

 C x 3)- P 



form. 



Root-grafting, described on a previous page (see Figs. 138- 

 143) is virtually a grafting of cuttings. In other cases, union 

 with an uncongenial stock is facilitated by allowing the cion 

 to project downwards beyond the point of union, and to stand 

 in the soil or moss or dish of water. (See also pages 143-144.) 

 Fig. 194 is a good illustration of the practice. The cion ex- 

 tends into the earth nearly as far as the root itself. After 

 union has taken place, the lower part of the cion is removed. 

 This method can be used for magnolias, mulberries, birches 

 and many other plants of which some kinds root with more 

 or less difficulty. "Bottle-grafting," described in most of 



