PROPAGATION BY BUDDING AND GRAFTING 165 



the books, is essentially this method, modified by letting the 

 end of the cion, or a piece of the bandage, drop into a bottle of 

 water. 



A modification of this style of grafting is the "cutting side- 

 graft," shown in Fig. 195. This is adapted to root-grafting, 

 particularly of the grape. The stock is cut wedge-shape, and 

 is inserted into an oblique incision in the cion. 



Herbaceous-grafting. In the preceding pages, the dis- 

 cussions have had to do with cions dormant or at least well 

 hardened, and with stocks that contain more or less hard woody 

 substance. But herbaceous shoots can be grafted with ease. 

 All such plants as geraniums, begonias, coleuses, 

 chrysanthemums and tomatoes, can be made 

 to bear two or more varieties on the same indi- 

 vidual. Almost any style of grafting may be 

 employed, but the veneer-, cleft- and saddle- 

 grafts are preferred. Shoots should be chosen 

 for stocks that are rather firm, or in condition 

 for making good cuttings. The cions should 

 be in a similar condition, and they may be 

 taken from the tips of branches or made of a 

 section of a branch. The union should be 

 bound snugly with raffia, and the plant set in a 

 propagating-frame, where it must be kept close 

 for a few days. It is not necessary, in most 

 cases, to use wax, and on some tender stocks 

 the wax is injurious. Moss may be bound 

 about the graft, but unless the union is first 

 thoroughly covered by the bandage, roots may 

 start into the moss and the parts may fail to unite. The 

 growing shoots of shrubs and trees can also be grafted, but 

 the operation is rarely employed. In various coniferous 

 trees (as pines and spruces) the young shoots are sometimes 

 cleft- or saddle-grafted in May, the parts being well bandaged 



