214 



THE NURSERY-MANUAL 



The scale multiplies with marvelous rapidity, there being 

 three or four broods annually, and each mother scale may 



give birth to several hundred 

 young. The young are born 

 alive and breeding continues until 

 late autumn. The small half- 

 grown black scales are resistant 

 to cold weather and many of 

 them hibernate safely. 



Control. San Jose scale can 

 be controlled by spraying with 

 lime-sulfur solution 1 to 8 in the 

 autumn or spring while the plants 

 are dormant. Cions or cuttings 

 received by nursery-men from 

 another locality should be fumi- 

 gated with hydrocyanic gas before 

 they are used in order to prevent 

 FIG. 225. San Jose scale. the introduction of the scale. 



THE PEAR SLUG. This insect (Eriocampoides limacina) 

 attacks the foliage of pear, cherry, quince and plum. In the 

 North the small oval eggs appear on the foliage as blisters 

 about the middle of May. About two weeks later the eggs 

 hatch and the dark green larvae appear on the upper side of 

 the leaf. The larvae are covered with a sticky slime and have 

 the appearance of small snails. The body is swollen in front 

 and tapers behind like a tadpole (Fig. 226). There may be 

 two or three broods in the summer. 



The larvae feed on the upper surface of the leaves, eating 

 only the epidermis and leaving the skeleton of veins and the 

 lower epidermis to turn brown and wither. Badly injured 

 leaves fall and trees in the nursery may be entirely defoliated 

 by midsummer. 



