THE NURSERY-LIST 271 



The stalks can be kept over winter by covering with sand on a dry 

 knoll, placing the stalks and sand in layers. Cover the whole with 

 boards to shed the water. Suckers which appear during summer 

 can be removed and planted or made into cuttings. Seeds are 

 sometimes used for growing the early-maturing varieties. 



Cassia. Leguminosoe. 



The perennial and woody kinds are grown from divisions and by 

 cuttings of firm wood struck in heat; the annuals by seeds; C. 

 marylandica also by division. 



Castanea: Chestnut. 



The castanea nuts of commerce are Brazil-nuts (Bertholletia), 

 not grown in North America. 



Castor-oil Bean : Ricinus. 



Casuarina (Beef wood). Casuarinacece. 



Multiplied by seeds ; and by cuttings made of half -ripened or 

 firm shoots, in sand under glass. 



Catalpa. Bignoniaceos. 



Increased by seeds sown in spring in the North, with slight 

 bottom heat, and by cuttings of the ripe wood. The named 

 varieties are propagated by soft cuttings in June and July. Grafts 

 are also used on seedlings or on roots of C. speciosa or C. bignonioides 

 in spring under glass. Layers and root-cuttings are sometimes 

 employed. The C. Bungei of nurseries (which is properly C. 

 bignonioides var. nana) may be worked on seedlings, or grown 

 from cuttings. 



Catananche. Composites. 



Propagated by seeds in spring ; perennials also by division. 

 Catasetum. Orchidacece. 



Propagated by dividing plants at base; also from very ripe 

 pseudobulbs cut in pieces and put in sand. See Orchids, page 372. 



Cattleya. Orchidaceoe. 



Raised from seeds, and also by cutting the rhizome between the 

 pseudobulbs. The rhizome is cut almost in two as it stands and 

 allowed to remain until roots are formed, when the parts may be 

 severed and separately potted. See Orchids, page 372. 



Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis). Cruciferce. 

 Grown from seeds much as cabbage, which see. 



