322 THE NURSERY-MANUAL 



Gourds (Cucurbita Pepo, Lagenaria, and others). Cucurbitacece. 

 Increased by seeds, after the weather is settled and ground is 

 warm, usually planted directly where the plants are to grow. 



Grammatophyllum. Orchidacece. 



Propagated from pieces of the pseudobulbs. See Orchids, page 372. 



Grape (Vitis, several species ; V. mnifera is the wine grape and 

 the source of the European varieties ; V . Labrusca is the 

 dominant source of the American varieties). Vitacece. 



Grape seedlings are easily grown. If the ground is fit and there 

 is no danger from vermin, the seeds may be sown in autumn, but 

 they are usually stratified and sown in spring. They come readily 

 if sown outdoors, but some prefer to force them under glass with a 

 mild bottom heat. Seedlings do not " come true," and they are 

 therefore grown only for the purpose of obtaining new sorts. 



The grape is readily multiplied by layers, either of the ripe or 

 green wood. The ripe wood or canes may be layered either in fall 

 or spring, but spring is usually preferred. The cane is covered 

 2 or 3 inches deep, and nearly every bud will produce a plant. In 

 August or September the layer should be lifted and cut into plants. 

 Better plants are obtained if only the strongest canes are used and 

 only a part of the buds on each allowed to grow. The cane is 

 usually cut back to four or five buds, or if very strong plants are 

 desired only one bud is left on each layer. Canes of the previous 

 year, those recently matured, are preferred, although wood two or 

 three years old may be used, but in this case it is usually necessary 

 to cut or otherwise wound the joint to induce the formation of 

 roots. Vines or stools grown for the production of layers should be 

 cut back severely in fall or winter, to induce a vigorous growth of 

 canes the following season. These canes are then layered the 

 succeeding fall or spring. Only a part of the canes are layered 

 from any stool, some of them being allowed to grow for cutting 

 back the next autumn in order to get another crop of canes. In 

 some varieties which do not strike readily from cuttings, layering 

 is considerably practiced by nurserymen. The Delaware is often 

 grown in this way. 



Extra strong layers can be secured by layering in pots. A large 

 pot, filled with rich soil, is plunged beneath the layer. In this 

 way a layer may be rooted and separated even while carrying 

 fruit. Layering in pots is practiced only in special cases. 



