THE NURSERY-LIST 333 



ripened wood may be taken in fall, and stored until spring in a 

 rather dry place. Also increased by seeds, divisions and layers. 

 The variegated sorts do better if grafted on strong stocks. 



Hickory (Carya, or Hicoria, species). Juglandacea. 



Propagated chiefly by seeds, which should be stratified or planted 

 (about 3 inches deep) as soon as ripe. Seeds are sometimes planted 

 at intervals in the field where the trees are to stand; but this 

 practice is scarcely to be recommended, when there is opportunity 

 to transplant seedlings annually in the nursery (established trees 

 do not transplant well). Seeds may be planted directly in the 

 nursery in autumn, but to obviate loss by rodents it is customary 

 to stratify them till spring, the husks being first removed ; the 

 nuts are not cracked. The hickory can be grafted by veneer- or 

 splice-grafting in winter on potted stocks, without special dif- 

 ficulty. Cleft-grafting can be employed outdoors, however, 

 the stub being cut 3 to 6 inches below the ground, and the cions 

 covered with earth, as for grafting the grape. The cions must be 

 perfectly dormant, and are safer, therefore, if they have been kept 

 on ice or in a very cold cellar. Saddle-grafting upon young twigs 

 is sometimes used. Shield- and flute-budding often succeed in 

 the hickories, as in fact many kinds of graftage do ; but the skill 

 of the operator is more important than the method. Named 

 varieties may be worked on potted plants of C. cordiformis (C. 

 amara) under glass in spring. See also Pecan. 



Fuller's method of propagating the hickory is to employ the 

 side roots of the tree, which are severed and allowed to grow from 

 the severed end. As described by W. A. Taylor, " the severed 

 side roots are straightened up and tied to stakes to hold them in 

 position, with their cut ends about level with the surface of the 

 ground to stimulate the formation of shoots from adventitious 

 buds, one of which is eventually made the trunk of the new tree. 

 The lower end of the root is not severed until the top has formed, 

 when the new tree should be transplanted to its permanent location 

 in rich and mellow soil and kept well mulched until thoroughly 

 established. The method is slow and sharply limited in extent of 

 application, but is perhaps the surest in the hands of the amateur 

 grower." 



Hidalgoa. Composite. 



Seeds ; also cuttings. Closely allied to dahlia. 



