406 THE NURSERY-MANUAL 



stocks as nearly related to the plant which is to be propagated as 

 possible ; e.g., Parkman's pyrus does better on P. pulcherrima (P. 

 floribunda) than on the common apple stock. The wild crabs can be 

 worked on the apple when stocks of their own species cannot be 

 secured. 



Quamoclit. Convohulacece. 



Propagation as for ipomrea, which see. The cypress-vine (Q. 

 pinnata) grows readily from seeds if they are first soaked in water. 



Quercus (Oak). Fagaceoe. 



Stocks are grown readily from seeds, which may be sown in the 

 fall without stratification. Take care that vermin do not dig up the 

 acorns. Some acorns germinate in fall, sending down a root but 

 producing no top till spring. The evergreen species are sometimes 

 grown from cuttings and layers. Varieties are grafted on stocks 

 grown from wild acorns. The stocks are potted in the fall, and the 

 grafting (generally the veneer-graft) is performed in January and 

 February, or sometimes in August. In choosing stocks, care should 

 be taken to get related species. 



Quince (Cydonia oblonga, and species of Chsenomeles). Rosacece. 



All quinces can be grown from seeds, the same as apples and 

 pears ; but seeds are not common in the market, and are, therefore, 

 little used. The fruit-bearing quinces (Cydonia oblonga) are propa- 

 gated most cheaply by means of cuttings of mature wood or by 

 mound-layering. Cuttings are taken in the fall, and are stored in 

 sand, moss or sawdust until spring, when they are planted outdoors. 

 Long cuttings - 10 to 12 inches are usually most successful, as 

 they reach into uniformly moist earth. Cuttings are usually made of 

 the recent wood, and preferably with a heel, but wood two or three 

 years old will usually grow. With some varieties and upon some 

 soils, there is considerable uncertainty, and layerage is therefore 

 often employed. Mound-layering (see page 74) is practiced when 

 extra strong plants are required. Long root-cuttings, treated like 

 those of the blackberry and raspberry, will also grow. 



Many nurserymen bud- or root-graft the better varieties on stocks 

 of Angers or other strong kinds. These stocks are imported from 

 Europe (and are the same as those used for dwarf pears). These 

 imported plants are grown both from cuttings and mound-layers, 



