110 NUT GROWING 



at the twister end. This automatic adjustment is 

 very convenient if the windlass has been applied skill- 

 fully with the right sort of materials. It allows the 

 graft to be left without attention for a year or more 

 excepting for the bracing which should be given all 

 large shoots. If the Spanish windlass is not applied 

 skillfully with the right sort of cord the cord is burst 

 asunder by the growing stock. This does no harm 

 because the graft is by that time well under way. 

 We simply lose the advantage of long time holding 

 of the growing graft when the windlass cord is burst 

 asunder. It is essential and difficult to make a clean 

 smooth cut when shaping a large hard wood scion. 

 A small block plane will do the trick very neatly. 

 The scion is first cut roughly to shape with a knife 

 and finishing touches are then given with the plane. 

 When this has been done a large hard scion will fit 

 as "right as a trivet." Just as these pages are going 

 to press, Dr. Deming sends me Bulletin No. 76 from 

 the University of Arizona Agricultural Experiment 

 Station containing a description of grafting the Ari- 

 zona walnut, Juglans major. Mr. C. R. Bieder- 

 man, in addition to using the plane, employs a curved 

 knife for making the face of the scion scarf slightly 

 concave. He believes that swelling of the scion wood 

 sometimes interferes with close approximation of 

 cambium layers of scion and stock and that the con- 

 cave cut avoids this obstacle to wound repair. I 

 shall try the Biederman method experimentally, but 

 his success gives basis for value in the plan. 



If a scion is rested against a limb or any soft wood 



