GRAFTING 115 



important embryonic cells of the bud remain ad- 

 herent to a bud heart that is torn away roughly. The 

 old-fashioned chip bud graft was devised for saving 

 time and avoiding injury to bud hearts (Figs. 21 

 and 26). 



A method of bud grafting shown me by Mr. J. C. 

 Rush, of Lancaster, Pennsylvania, has given good 

 results in some seasons. The method of Mr. Rush 

 consists in using a double bladed knife. The blades 

 are far enough apart so that a ring of bark is cut 

 part way around the stock and a ring of bark exactly 

 the same width is marked upon the bud stick with 

 these parallel knives. Having cut part way around 

 the stock stick with the parallel knives a cross in- 

 cision is made, joining these two circular cuts. The 

 bark is peeled off part way around the stock but left 

 in place until the bud stick patch has been inserted. 

 Part of the loose ring of bark from the stock flap 

 is then cut away, but enough is left to overlap one 

 side of the inserted patch while the other side of the 

 patch fits the stock bark snugly. (See Figs. 16 and 

 17.) The buds are then bound in place with raffia 

 and the whole sealed with melted paraffin in my own 

 work to date. 



When sap is running so freely that it forces its 

 way out from the paraffin coating we may leave one 

 corner of the bud graft open for escape of sap and 

 fasten a wad of absorbent cotton powdered full of 

 borax over the site of the leak. Borax prevents fer- 

 mentation of the sap, thus adding a feature of anti- 

 septic surgery to our bud grafting work. 



