64 PINACEAE (PIlilE FAMILY) 



3. P. rlgida Mill. (Pitch P.) Leaves (5-12 cm. Ion?) dark green, /rowi 

 short sheaths; corns ovoid-conical or ovoid (8-9 cm. loii";), often in clusters; 

 scaies with a short stent qenerally recurved prickle. — Snudy or barren soil, 

 K. B. to L. Ontario, e. Tenn., and n. Ga. — A tree 10-25 m. high, with very 

 rough dark bark and hard resinous wood ; sterile flowers shorter ; scales 6-8. 



4. P. serotina Michx. (Pond or Marsh P.) Similar to the last but readily- 

 distinguished by its much longer leaves (15-25 cm. in length) and sheaths, as 

 well as the short more deciduous prickles of the cone. — Coastal swamps, Va. 

 (Harper) to Fla. 



5. P. pungens Lamb. (Table Mountain P.) Leaves stout, short, in 2's 

 or 3's (3-6 cm. long), crowded, bluish; the sheath short (very short on old 

 foliage); the scales armed with a strong hooked spine.— AWeghewy Mts., N. J. 

 and Pa., to Ga. and Tenn.— A rather small tree (6-18 m. high) ; cones long- 

 persistent. 



- 6. P. virginiana Mill. (Jersey or Scrub P.) Leaves short (4-8 cm. 



- long), in 2's; cones sometimes curved, the scales tipped loith a straight or re- 



^ curved awl-shaped prickle. (P. inops Ait.)— Barrens and sterile hills, L. I. to 



r- S.C., Ala., and s. Ind. — A straggling tree (5-12 m. high), with spreading or 



"^ drooping branchlets ; larger westward. Young shoots with a purplish glaucous 



bloom. 



^ 7. P. Banksiana Lamb. (Gray or Northern Scrub P.) Leaves in 2's, 

 K very short and thick (usually 2-3 cm. long), oblique, divergent; cones conical, 



S oblong, usually curved (4-5 cm. long), smooth, the scales pointless, or with a 



^ minute obsolescent prickle. (P. divaricata auth.) — Barren, sandy, or rocky soil, 



< N. S. to n. N. Y., w. to n. Ill, Minn., and northw. — A low tree, usually 5-10 



** (rarely 20) m. high. 



8. P. echinata Mill. (Yellow P.) Leaves in 2's or 3's, slender, mostly 

 about 1 dm. long, with long sheaths; cone-scales with a minute iceak prickle. 

 (P. mitis Michx.)— Usually dry or sandy soil, Staten I. to Kan., and south w. — 

 A straight tree (15-30 m. high), with dark green leaves more soft and slender 

 than the preceding. The western form has more rigid leaves and more tubercu- 

 late and spiny cones. 



9. P. sylvestris L. (Scotch P., Scotch Fir.) Leaves in 2's, dark green ; 

 cones 4-6 cm. long, the thickened rhombic scales with central tubercle but not 

 spinous. — Much cultivated, and thoroughly naturalized at some points on the 

 N. E. coast. — A valuable long-lived tree attaining considerable height, but the 

 trunk rarely straight, the bark gray. (Nat. from Eu.) 



10. P. resinbsa Ait. (Red P.) Leaves in 2's, dark green ; cones ovoid- 



conical, smooth (about 5 cm. long), their scales slightly thickened, pointless ; 



sterile flowers oblong-linear (12-18 mm. long), subtended by about G involucral 



J? scales which are early deciduous by an articulation above the base.— Pry woods, 



, Mass. to n. Pa., Mich., and Minn., and northw.— A tall tree, with reddish rather 



f^ smooth bark and hard wood, not very resinous. 



^ -^ 11. P. paliistris Mill. (Long-leaved, Yellow% or Georgia P.) Leaves in 



^ 3's from long sheaths, very long, crowded at the summit of very scaly branches ; 



sterile flowers 6-8 cm. long, rose-purple ; cones large, cylindrical or conical- 



cylindiic, the thick scales armed with a short recurved spine. (P. australis Michx.) 



Kc —Sandy soil, s. Va. to Fla. and Tex. —A large tree, with thin-scaled bark and 



« exceedingly hard and resinous wood. 



2. LARIX [Tourn.] Adans. Larch 



Oatk'ns lateral, terminating short spurs on branches of a year's growth or 

 more, short or alobular, developed in early spring ; the sterile from leafless buds ; 

 the fertile mostly with leaves below. Anther-cells opening transversely. Pollen- 

 grains simple, globular. Cone-scales persistent. — Leaves needle-shaped, soft, 

 deciduous, very many in a fascicle, developed in early spring from lateral scaly 

 and globular buds. Fertile catkins crimson or red in flower. ^'The ancient 

 name.) 



