ALISMACEAE ("WATEK-PLANTAIN FAMILY) 



81 



mostly verticillate, in a loose raceme or panicle, with lanceolate scarious tracts 

 slightly connate at base. 



1. Sagittaria. Monoecious (or dioecious), lower (first developed) flowers pistillate, the upper 



(later) ones stamiiiate. Stamens indefinite, mostly numerous. Carpels strongly flattened, 

 in a dense head. • 



2. Lophotocarpus. Polygamous ; lower flowers perfect, the upper staminate. Stamens 9-15. 



Carpels strongly flattened, in a dense head. 



3. Echinodorus. Flowers all perfect. Stamens 6-21, mostly definite. Carpels somewhat 



turgid, in a dense head. 



4. Alisma. Flowers all perfect. Stamens usually 6. Carpels strongly flattened, in a single ring. 



1. SAGITTARIA L. Arrow-head 



1. S. lo7}girostra, 



3. S. Engelmanniana. 



Sepals loosely spreading or reflexed in fruit. Petals imbricated in the bud. 

 Ovaries crowded in a spherical or somewhat triangular depressed head on a 

 globular receptacle, in fruit forming flat membranaceous winged achenes. — • 

 Marsh or aquatic, mostly perennial, stoloniferous herbs, with milky juice; 

 the scapes sheathed at base by the bases of the long cellular petioles, of which 

 the primary ones, and sometimes all, are destitute of any proper blade {i.e. are 

 phyllodia) ; when present the blade is arrow-shaped or lanceolate. Flowers 

 produced all summer, whorled in threes, with membranous bracts. (Name 

 from sagitta, an arrow, from the prevalent form of the leaves.) 



a. Beak of the achene erect or nearly so b. 

 b. Beak long, usually half to three-fourths the length of the body. 



Leaves habitually sagittate, the basal lobes nearly or quite as 

 long as the terminal portion of the blade. 



Stout ; leaf-blades broadly ovate-oblong 



Slender ; leaf-blades Hnear 



Leaves lanceolate to elliptical, the basal lobes when present 

 much shorter than the terminal portion .... 

 b. Beak very short, not one-fourth the length of the body. 

 Leaves all or most of them sagittate, ovate. 

 Lowest bracts 0.5-1.5 cm, long ; leaf-blades 2-18 cm. long' 

 Lowest bracts 2-4 cm. long ; leaf-blades 2.5-5 dm. long . 

 Leaves never sagittate. 



Fruiting pedicels thickish, recurved 



Fruiting pedicels slender, ascending or spreading 

 a. Beak of the achene strongly incurved, almost or quite horizontal e. 

 c. Leaves habituallj^ sagittate, the basal lobes nearly or quite as long 



as the terminal portion „ . . 



c. Leaves linear to elliptic-ovate, entire or rarely sagittate at the base, 

 the basal lobes when present much shorter than the terminal 

 portion of the blade. 

 Fertile pedicels thickened, recurved ; western 

 P'ertile pedicels slender, ascending or spreading. 

 Filaments thickened at the base, short 

 Filaments slender, longer than the anthers, pubescent 

 Filaments slender, longer than the anthers, glabrous 



S. heUrophylla. 



4. S. arifolia. 



5. /S'. breviroUra. 



11. S. subulata. 



10. S. teres. 



2. S. latifolia. 



. 12. 8. plntypJiylla. 



9. 8. graminea. 



6. S. lancifolia. 



7. 8. ambigua. 



* Filaments numprous, narroio, as long as or longer than the linear-ohlong 

 anthers ; bracts 3, distinct; fruiting heads large. 



1. S. longir6stra (M. Micheli) J. G. Sm. Robust, 3-6 dm. high, monoecious ; 

 leaves broadly ovate-oblong, obtusish, sagittate with broad basal lobes; fertile 

 whorls 2-4 ; fertile pedicels about 1 cm. long ; body of the mature achene obovnte, 

 winged all round, 3 mm. long, the beak nearly erect from the 



inner angle, 1.5-2 mm. long. — About springs, etc., Ct. (^Harger), 

 N. J., and Pa. to Kv., Del., and Ala. Fig. 33. 



2. S. latifblia Willd. Glabrous; scape 1-9 dm. hi£:h, angled, 

 with one or more of the lower wliorls fertile ; leaves ovate, acute, 

 almost always sairittate, the basal lobes triangular, acute; pedi- 

 cels of the fertile flowers at least half the length ot the sterile 

 ones ; petals wholly white ; filaments glabrous, nearly twice the 

 length of the anthers ; achenes obovate (about 2 mm. long), 



gray's MAJ^tTAi. 6 



33. S. longirostra. 

 A.ctiene x 3, 



