ALISMACEAE (WATER-PLANTAIN FAMILY) 83 



leaves being broad (var. ELLfpxicA Engelm.), or rigid, narrowly lanceolate and 

 acute, uuappendaged at the base, and with stout petioles (var. rIgida (Pursh) 

 Engelm.), or nearly linear (var. angustif6lia Engelm.). Fig. 38. 



9. S. graminea Michx. Scape 0.8-5 dm. high ; phyllodia flat, mostly 

 broad-linear, acuminate; leaves ovate-lanceolate to linear, on long slender 

 petioles, sometimes reduced to the petiole merely ; bracts rather 



obtuse ; whorls of flowers often few, all staminate or the lower t^ 



fertile ; pedicels slender, spreading, nearly equal ; flowers white \P 



or roseate; filaments 10-13 "-20," glandular-pubescent; achene 

 small (1 mm. long), narrowly obovate, almost beakless, loinged ^^- S- graminea. 

 on the back, flat and scarcely costate on the sides. (S. Eaioni ^^^^^"^ '^ ^• 

 J. G. Sm.) — Nfd. to Ont., s. to the Gulf ; very variable. Fig. 39. S. cristXta 

 Engelm. is apparently a form, of this species with achenes somewhat wing- 

 crested. 



10. S. tdres Wats. Phyllodia terete, very acutely attenuate upward, 9-34 cm. 

 long, very rarely bearing a narrow blade ; scape 1-5 dm. high ; bracts connate 



at base ; pedicels in 1-3 whorls, all very slender and spreading, 1 or 

 2 fruiting, 1-3 cm. long ; filaments 12, dilated, pubescent ; achene 

 obovate, 2-2,4 mm. long, with an erect beak, the margins and sides 

 crenately several-crested. (S. isoetiformis J. G. Sm.) — In shallov^ 

 A(^ vi f water, Cape Cod, Mass., and L. I. to Fla. — Phyllodia usually very 



AchLxl* strongly nodose. Fig. 40. 



11. S. subulata (L.) Buchenau. Usually dwarf; leaves linear^ 

 strap-shaped, obtuse or acutish, 3-20 cm. long, equaling or shorter than the scape, 

 very rarely with a narrow blade ; pedicels in 1-3 whorls, only 1 or 2 fruiting, 

 stouter and recurved; bracts connate or spathe-like; filaments 6-8, glabrous; 

 achene obovate, short-beaked, 2 mm. long, the margins and sides crenately 

 crested. (S. natans, yslt. lorata Chapm. ; S. pu sill a l^utt.) — In mud or shaL 

 low water, near the coast ; Ct. to Fla. — In the South often becoming more 

 robust. 



Var, (?) gracillima (Wats.) J. G. Sm. Scape and the almost or wholly 

 bladeless leaves very slender and greatly elongated (6-12 dm. long, 2 mm. wide) ; 

 pedicels all elongated, in usually distant w^horls, the lower pistillate, slender and 

 spreading ; fruit unknown. (S. natans, var. Wats.) — In deep water of streams 

 in e. Mass. (Hitchings, Boott, C. E. Faxon, etc.), R. I. {J. F. Collins), and Ct. 

 (Bissell). — Wholly submerged, only 1 or 2 flowers appearing at a time, floating 

 on the surface. The fruit has not yet been collected. 



12. S. platyphylla (Engelm.) J. G. Sm. Scape 2-5 dm. high ; ^ 



leaves elliptic-lanceolate, acute at both ends, rarely biauriculate ^m^ 



at the base, 9-11-nerved ; fertile whorls usually 2 ; fertile pedi- [^ 



eels about 2 cm. long, soon recurved ; stamens about 20, the broad ^ 



base of the filament pubescent. (S. graminea, var. Engelm.) — 41, S. platyphylla. 

 River sloughs, s. Mo. and Kan. to Tex. Fig. 41. Achene x8. 



2. LOPHOTOCArPUS Th. Durand 



Sepals strongly concave, erect and appressed to the fruit. — Perennials with 

 habit and carpels much as in Sagittaria. (Name from X60os, a crest, and Kapir6s, 

 fruit, not very applicable.) Lophiocarpds (Kunth) Miquel, not Turcz. 



* Chiefly maritime ; leaves mostly thick spongy phyllodia, the blades when 

 present small, lance-oblong, entire, or ovate and sagittate, the auricles 

 relatively small, linear-oblong, divergent. 



1. L. spongibsus (Engelm.) J. G. Sm. Low (1-3 dm. high) ; leaf-blades 

 0.5-2.5 cm. broad; the thick spongy petioles septate-nodulose ; scapes 4-15 cm. 

 high, recurved, bearing mostly 2 whorls of flowers ; head of carpels 7-10 mm. 

 in diameter, (L. spatulatus J. G. Sm.; Sagittaria calycina, var. Engelm.) 

 — On tidal mud of brackish estuaries, etc., N. B, {Fowler) to Del.; rarely 

 inland, Mo. {L. depauperatus J. G. Sm., at least in part). 



