134 GR AMINE AB (^GRASS FAMILYJ 



nearly flat or involute ; panicle purplish, 1-2 cm. long, pyramidal, the slendef 

 branches ascending ; pedicels hairy at the summit ; spikelets 5 mm. long ; glumes 

 shorter than the Jloret, mucronate ; callus-hairs less than half 

 the length of the scabrous lemma and palea, which are bristly- 

 bearded along the keels. (Calamagrostis Beck.) — Sandy 

 swamps, pine-barrens of N. J. and N. C, rare. 



2. C. longifblia (Hook.) Hack. Culms solitary, 6-18 dm. 



high, from running rootstocks, stout ; sheaths usually pubescent, 



at least on the margins ; leaves elongated, involute above and 



tapering into a long thread-like point; panicle pale, 1.5-4.5 



c \ T r ^^^' ^^'^5'' narrow, the slender smooth branches erect or ascend- 



■ * ^'"^l^ i^' iiig ; spikelets 6-7 mm. long ; glumes acute, the second equal to 



tache/ lumes x 2* ^^ exceeding the floret; callus-hairs more than half the lengtl 



gume . qj i^^Q smooth lemma and palea. (Calamagrostis Hook.) — 



Sandy shores, Ont. to Rocky Mts., southw. to Hi. and Kan., and southwestw. 



July-Sept. Fig. 107. 



35 CALAMAGR6STIS Adans. Reed Bent Grass 



Spikelets l-flowered ; rhachilla prolonged behind the palea into a hairy bristle 

 or pedicel ; glumes subequal, usually longer than the floret ; lemma awned on 

 the back, usually from below the middle, surrounded at base with copious long 

 hairs; palea shorter than the lemma, faintly 2-nerved. — Tall often reed-like 

 perennials, with running rootstocks, simple mostly erect culms and many- 

 flowered panicles. (Name compounded of /cdXa/xos, a reed, and &ypw<TTis, a 

 gj'ass.) A diiflcult genus in which the awns and callus-hairs, although furnish- 

 ing the most used diagnostic features, are exceedingly variable. 



A.wn bent, exserted more or less. 



Sheaths not bearded at the summit 1. (7. Pick&ringii. 



Sheaths bearded at the summit. 

 Palea about as long as the lemma; callus -hairs one fourth to one third 



as long . ." . . 2. C. Porteri. 



Palea and callus-hairs three fourths as long as the lemma . . . 8. (7. perplexa. 

 Awn straight, included. 

 Panicle loose and open, even after flowering. 



Spikelets 3-8.5 mm. long 4. (7. canadensis. 



Spikelets 5-6 mm. long b. C. Langsdorf^^, 



Panicle contracted, strict, the short branches erect or appressed after 

 flowering. 

 Kudiment hairy throughout. 

 Panicle dense, more or less spike-like ; leaves involute. 



Leaves smooth, soft ; rootstock slender 6. C. neglecta. 



Leaves roughish, rigid ; rootstocks stouter i. C. hyperborea. 



Panicle looser, the branches spreading at flowering time . . . 8. ^. inexpansa. 

 Rudiment with copious long hairs at the tip 9. C.cinnoidea. 



* Awn strongly bent, exserted more or less ; callus-hairs usually much shorter 



than the lemma. 



1. C. Pickeringii Gray. Culms solitary or few, 3-5 dm. high, somewhat 

 rigid, scabrous below the panicle ; sheaths smooth ; blades flat, 4-10 cm. long, 

 4-5 mm. wide, erect ; panicle purplish, 7-12 cm. long, the branches erect or 

 ascending ; spikelets 4 mm. long ; glumes acute, exceeding the obtuse scabrou.i 

 lemma, which bears a short stout bent (not twisted) awn from below th^ 

 middle ; callus-hairs ^l the length of the lemma, wanting at the back. ( C. 

 breviseta Scribn.) — Mts. of N. Y. and N. E. to Nfd., and northw. ; locally ai 

 Andover, Mass. (J. Bobinson). Aug. -Sept. 



Var. lacustris (Kearney) Hitchc. Culms taller (5-10 dm. high); rootstocks 

 stouter ; leaves more or less involute ; panicle usually longer ; callus-hairs ^f as 

 long as the lemma. — Mts. of N. E., and along the Great Lakes to Minn. 



2. C. Portdri Gray. Culms slender, 6-12 dm. high; blades 1.5-3 dm. long, 

 4-8 mm. wide, flat, taper-pointed, very rough, bearded on the sides at the base; 

 ligule 4-5 mm. long ; panicle narrow, 8-16 cm. long, rather loosely flowered, th6 



