JUNCACEAE (KUSH FAMILY) 



Stamens included in fruit. 



Petals ovate or oblontr, blunt 43 r —-,-,„,•„_/,,. 



Petals lai.ce-attenuate. aristate . . . (43) >. m«4/,m^«? v 1"^«,. 

 Stamens persistent and exserted in fruit . . . . 44 J arUtulauT 

 m. Capsules 0-9 mm. long-, much exceeding the calyx ; fiowers 



few, in 1-4 terminal glomerules . . . . 4\. J, styaiua 

 Leaves hollow, nodulose, i.e. with septa at regular intervals n. 

 . Seeds with definite caudate tips o. 



o. Leaves papillose-scabrous ; stamens 6 ; seeds 2-3 mm. long . 21. J. asver 

 o. Leaves smooth ; stamens 3 ; seeds shorter jy. • /' • 



amertcanua. 



fruit about 2.5 (rarely 3.5) mm. long ; 

 ellipsoid, barely 1 mm. long, with 



Flowers with the matu 

 sepals obtuse ; 

 very short tails 

 p. Flowers with mature fruit about 4 mm. long ; petals attenu- 

 ate, acute ; seed spindle-shaped, with conspicuous tails. 

 Inflorescence (when well developed) ovoid or broader, one 

 third longer than broad ; the glomerules many-flowered ; 

 capsule equaling or slightly exceeding the calyx. 

 Capsule abrujitly short-pointed ; seed i-1.8 mm. long 

 Capsule gradually tapering to tip ; seed scarcely 1 mm. 



lo"? (24) J. canadensis. 



Inflorescence elongate, strict, and narrow, 3-6 times longer 

 than broad ; capsule much exceeding the calvx, gradu- 

 ally tapering ; seed about 1 mm. long . ". . 

 n. Seeds merely pointed or blunt, not caudate q. 

 q. Stamens 3 r. 

 r. Capsule attenuate to tip or subulate, distinctly exceeding the 

 calyx s. 

 6. Heatis 2-T-flowered ; capsule not subulate. 



Mature fruit 3.5 mm. long 



Mature fruit 5 ram. long 



8. Heads densely many-flowered ; capsule subulate. 



Leaves flattened, obscurely septate ; sheaths without 

 auricles at summit ; cyiiie large, with widely divergent 



branches and branchlets 



Leaves terete, distinctly septate ; sheaths with definite auri- 

 cles at summit ; branches and branchlets ascending. 

 Blade of the uppermost leaf much shorter than its 



sheath 



Blade of uppermost leaf much longer than its sheath . 

 r. Capsule shorter than or about equaling the calyx, if longer, 

 abruptly tipped (not subulate) t. 

 t. Capsule half or two thirds as long as the calyx, tapering 

 gradually to a conic-subu'ate beak; glomerules spher- 

 ical; the rigid subulate sepals much exceeding the 

 petals ; rootstock thick, white, horizontal 

 t. Capsule nearly equaling or exceeding the calyx, abruptly 

 tipped ; glomerules hemispherical ; sepals and petals 

 subequal ; stems tufted or with merely thickened base. 

 Basal leaves abundant, tufted from a thickened ba^e, often 

 elongate and floating, obscurely septate; stems lax. 

 decumbent or repent, 0.5-2.5 dm. high ; petals blunt 

 Basal leaves few, erect ; plant erect, 3 dm. or more high ; 

 petals acuminate. 

 Heads 1-50, on ascending-spreading brancbee ; flowers 



3-3.5 mm. long 



Heads 200-500, on \videly divergent branches ; flowers 



2-2.5 mm. long 



**. Stamens 6 ti. 

 u. Upper cauline leaves bladeless (or essentially so), consisting 

 of firm tawny or colored sheaths 2.5-5 cm. long; the 

 middle leaf erect, much overtopping the inflorescence 

 zc. Up[jer cauline leaves with blades, or. if bladeles.=, very small v. 

 1). Flowers solitary or in 2's, often accompanied or replaced by 

 fascicles of small leaves. 

 Stem erect, from a horizontal rootstock; flowers seciind 

 on the branchlets of a loose dichotomous cyme ; fas- 

 cicles of reduced leaves confined to the inflorescence; 

 anthers much exceeding the filaments 

 Stem repent or floating, bearing scattered fascicles of re- 

 duced leaves; roots tufted ; flowers 1 or 2 on axillary 

 or subterminal peduncles ; anthers about equaled by 



the filaments 



v. Flowers more numerous, in glomerules ic. 

 to. Lower leaves elongate, filiform, floating, upper stouter; 

 glomerules mostly bearing fascicles of small leaves; 



capsule blunt 



W. Leaves uniform, none floating ; glomerules without fasci- 

 cles of leaves x. 



22. J. brachycephaius. 



24. J. canadensis. 



auhcaudatuh. 



23. J. brevicaudatus. 



J", debilis. 



J. dijfusissimus. 



29. J. poh/cephalus. 



84. J. megacephalus. 

 33. J. scirpoidea. 



J. hrachycarpua 



27. J. bulbosus. 



85. J. acuminaius. 

 88. J. rohustus. 



J. militarise 



26. J. pilocarpus. 



J. mbtUU. 



27. J. bulboswz. 



