288 LILIACEAE (lily FAMILY) 



perennials, with fleshy-fibrous roots ; the long and linear keeled leaves 2-ranked 

 at the base of the tall scapes, which bear at the summit several bracted and 

 large flowers ; these collapse and decay after expanding for a single day (whence 

 the name, from -rifiepa, a day, and /cctXXos, beauty.) 



I. H. FULVA L. (CoMMOx D. ) luncr divisions (petals) of the tawny orange 

 perianth wavy and obtuse. — Roadsides, escaped from gardens. (In trod, from 

 Eu.) 



16. LILIUM [Tourn.] L. Lily 



Perianth funnel-form or bell-shaped, colored, of 6 divisions, spreading or 

 recurved above, deciduous. Anthers linear, extrorsely attached near the 

 middle to the tapering apex of the long filament, which is at first included, at 

 length versatile ; the cells dehiscent by a lateral or slightly introrse line. Style 

 elongated ; stigma 3-lobed. Capsule subcylindric ; seeds densely packed in 2 

 rows in each cell. Bulbs scaly, producing simple stems, with numerous alternate- 

 scattered or whorled narrow sessile leaves, and from one to several large and 

 showy flowers in summer. (The classical Latin name, from the Greek Xeiptov.) 



* Flowers erect ; sepals narrowed below into claws; bulbs not rhizomatous. 



1. L. philadelphicum L. (Wild Orange-red L,, Wood L.) Stem 4-9 

 dm. high ; leaves linear-lanceolate, chiefly whorled ; flowers 1-3, open-bell- 

 shaped, reddish-oramje, spotted with purplish inside ; the lanceolate segments 

 little or not at all recurved at the obtusish or shortly acuminate summit ; pod 

 somewhat rounded at base. — Dry or sandy ground, N. E. to Ont. and N. C. 

 — Separated by no constant character from 



Var. andinum (Nutt.) Ker. Leaves, all but the uppermost, scattered ; peri- 

 anth divisions mostly deep red ; pod attenuate at the base. (Z. umbellatum 

 Pursh ; L. lanceolatum Fitzpatrick.) — Rich soil of prairies, and in bogs, Ont. 

 and O. to Ark., and northwestw. 



2. L. Catesbaei Walt. (Southern Red L.) Leaves linear-lanceolate^ 

 scattered ; flower solitary, open-bell-shaped, the large and long-clawed divisions 

 of the perianth wavy on the margin and recurved at the caudate-attenuate sum- 

 mit, scarlet, spotted with dark purple and yellow inside ; bulb-scales thin, narrow 

 and leaf-bearing. — Pine-barrens, N. C. to Fla., w. to "Ky.," "s. 111.," and 

 "Mo." 



* * Flowers nodding ; sepals sessile ; bulbs rhizomatous. 



3. L. superbum L. (Turk's-cap L.) Stem 9-23 dm. high ; lower leaves 

 whorled, lanceolate, attenuate at both ends, 3-nerved, smooth ; flowers (3-40) in 

 a pyramidal raceme ; perianth-divisions (7-8 cm. long) strongly revolute, orange, 

 with numerous dark purple spots inside. — Rich low grounds, N. B. to Va., w. 

 to Minn, and Mo. 



4. L. carolinianum Michx. Nearly related to the preceding and with very 

 similar flowers ; stem 4-7 dm. high, 1-3 flowered ; leaves obovate to oblanceo- 

 late, obtusish or short-acuminate. — Borders of mountain woods, Va. {/Small), 

 and south w. 



5. L. canadense L. (Wild Yellow L.) Stem 6-20 dm. high; leaves 

 remotely whorled, lanceolate, strongly 3-nerved, the margins and nerves rough; 

 flowers long-peduncled, narrowly bell-shaped, the perianth-divisions (5-8 cm. 

 long) recurved-spreading above, yellow or orange, usually spotted with brown. — 

 Moist meadows and bogs, e. Que. to Ga., w. to Mo., Minn., and Ont. 



6. L. Grayi Wats. Stems 6-9 dm. high ; leaves in whorls of 4-8, lanceo- 

 late, acute or slightly acuminate, smooth ; flowers 1 or 2, nearly horizontal, the 

 perianth-divisions (3.5-6 cm. long) but little spreading above the rather broad 

 base, rather abruptly acute, deep reddish-orange, thickly spotted within. — Peaks 

 of Otter, Va. , and south w. in the mts. to N. C. 



7. L. TiGRiNUM Ker. (Tiger L.) Tall, pubescent above ; leaves scattered, 

 narroioly lanceolate, dark green, 5-7-nerved, the dipper axils bulbiferous ; flowers 

 large, resembling those of L. superbum. — An escape from gardens. (Introd. 

 from E. Asia.) 



