PAGACEAB (^BEECH FAMILY^ 



341 



3 cm. long. ~ Borders of streams and swamps, Del. 

 to Mo., and southw. Fig. 675. 



7. Q. Muhlenbergii Engelm. (Yellow O., Chkst- 

 Nur ().) Leaves (1-2 dm. long) slender-petioled, 

 often oblong or even lanceolate, usually acute or 

 pointed, mostly obtuse or rounded at base, almost 

 equally and rather sharply toothed; cup subsessile, 

 shallow, thin, of small oppressed scales; acorn glo- 



{Q. acuminata 



67G. Q. Muhlenbergii. 



pnii 



>idfs. 



bose or obovoid, 1.5-2 cm. long. 

 Houba.) — Dry limestone hillsides 

 and rich bottoms, Vt. to Del., along 

 the mts. to n. Ala., w. to Minn., 

 e. Neb., and Tex. — A tall tree, 

 with thin eventually flaky bark. 

 Fig. 676. 



8. Q. prinoides Willd. Like the 

 last, but of low stature (usually 

 1-3 m. high), with smaller more 

 undulate leaves on shorter petioles 

 (rarely 1 cm. long), and deeper 

 cups with more tumid scales. — Dry 

 soil, N. H. to Minn., and southw. 

 — Branchlets glabrous; leaves cov- 

 ered beneath with a close white tomentum. Fig. 677. Var. 

 KUFESCKNS Rchdcr differs in having the young branchlets 

 pubescent and some tawny wool mixed with the white to- 

 mentum on the under surface of the leaves. — Damp woods 

 and pine-barrens, e. Mass. to N. C. 



9. Q. Prinus L. (Chestnut O.) Leaves thick, obovate or oblong to lanceo- 

 late, sometimes acuminate, with an obtuse or acute base, undulately crenate- 



toothed, pale and minutely downy beneath, the 

 primary ribs 10-16 pairs, straight, prominent 

 beneath ; fruiting peduncles shorter than the 

 petioles, often very short ; cup thick, mostly tu- 

 berculate with hard and stout scales. — Rocky 

 banks and hillsides, s. Me. to Ont., and southw. 



— A large tree, with thick and deeply furrowed 

 bark. Fig. 678. 



10. Q. virginiana Mill. (Live O.) Leaves 

 small, oblong or elliptical, hoary beneath (as well 

 as on the branchlets) ; peduncle 

 usually conspicuous, 1-o-fruited ; 

 cup top-shaped ; acorn subcylin- 

 dric ; cotyledons completely united 

 into one mass. (Q. virens Ait.) 



— Along the coast from Va. to Fla. 

 and Tex. — Becoming a large tree, 

 or in sterile soil dwarf. Fig. 67!). 

 i^ll. Q. rubra L. (1^:dO.) Cup 

 saucer-shaped or flattish, with a 

 narrow raised border, 1.8-2.5 cm. 

 broad, of rather fine closely ap- 

 pressed scales, sessile or on a very 

 abrupt narrow stalk or neck, very much shorter 

 than the narrow-ovoid or ellipsoid acorn, which 



is 2-3 cm. long; leaves rather tiiin, turning dark red after frost, moderately 

 (rarely very deeply) pinnatifid, the lobes acuminate from abroad base, with a 

 few coarse teeth ; bark of trunk dark gray, smoothish. — Common both in noli 

 and poor soil. — Timber coarse and poor. Fig. 680. Along our northern 

 borders passing to Var. amb^gua (Michx. f.) Fernald. (Gkay O.) Cups 



virgin lana. 



678. Q. Prinus. 



