FAGACEAE (BEECH FAMILY) 



343 



684. Q. velutina. 



half of the dark-brown puberulent often 

 striped ellipsoid to subglobose small (1.2-2 

 cm. long) acorn; leaves smooth and hus- 

 trous in age, with axillary tufts beneath, 

 becoming yellow or pale brown in autumn, 

 the 5-7 oblong lobes coarsely tootlied at .sum- 

 mit ; bark gray, close and smooth, or in age 

 shallowly fissured, light yellow within. — Clsiy 

 or gravel, s. Mich, to Man. and la. —A me- 

 dium-sized tree, in habit said to resemble the 

 eastern Q. palustris. Fig. G83. 



16. Q. velutina Lam. (Quehcitkon, Yel- 

 low-barked or Black 0.) Cup turbinate, 

 or hemispherical icith a conical base, 1.8- 

 2.3 cm. broad, its upper pubescent thin light- 

 chestnut scales loosely imbricated or s<iuar- 

 rose when dry ; acorns ovoid to hemispherical, 

 1.2-2 cm. long, light-brown, often pubescent ; 

 leaves variously divided, ordinarily with hairy 

 tufts in the axils beneath, turning brownish, 

 orange, or dull red in autumn ; bark dark- 

 brown and rough^ internally orange. (Q. 

 coccinea, var. tinctoria 



I 



tinctoria Bartr. ; Q. 

 A. DC.) — Dry or gravelly uplands, s. Me. to w. Ont., 

 and south w. — The bark is largely used in tanning. 

 Fig. 684. Var. missouriensis Sarg. Leaves with 

 permanent rusty pubescence beneath, and cup-scales 

 tomentose. — Mo. and Ark. 



17. Q. falcata Michx. (Spanish O.) Leaves gray- 

 ish-downy or fulvous underneath, 3~^-lobed above 

 (sometimes entire); the lobes prolonged, mostly nar- 

 row and more or less scythe-shaped, especially the 

 terminal one, entire or sparingly cut-toothed ; acorn 

 globose, 8-10 mm. long ; cup saucer-shaped with a 

 somewhat top-shaped base and about half the length 

 of the acorn. ( Q. digitata Sudworth ; Q. pagodae- 

 folia Ashe.) — Dry or sandy soil, N. J. to Fla. ; and 

 from s. Ind. to Mo. and Tex. — A large or small tree, 

 extremely variable in foliage ; bark excellent for tan- 

 ning. Fig. 685. 



18. Q. ilicif51ia Wang. (Bear or Black Scrub 

 O.) Dwarf (1-3, rarely 6, m. high), straggling; 

 leaves (5-10 cm. long) thickish, obovate, wedge- 

 shaped at base^ angularly about 5(S-l)-lohpd, 

 white-downy beneath; lobes short and triangular, 



spreading; acorn 10-12 mm. 



long. ( Q. nana Sarg. ) — Sandy 



barrens and rocky hills, N. E. to O, 



686. 



19. Q. nigra L. (Water 0. ) Leaves 

 glabrous and shining, obovate-spatnlate 

 or narrowly wedge-form, with a long 

 tapering base and an often obscurely 

 3-lobed summit, varying to oblanceolate. 

 (Q. aquatica Walt.) — Wet ground, 

 around ponds, etc , Del. to the Gulf ; 

 and from Ky. and Mo. to Tex. —Tree 

 8-12 m. high ; running into many vari- 

 eties, especially southw. ; the leaves on 

 686. Q. iiicifolia. Seedlings and strong shoots often in- 



6S5. Q. falcata. 

 and Ky. 



Fio 



Q. nigra. 



