370 CHENOPODIACEAE QGOOSEFOOT FAMILY^ 



Seed vertical or horizontal, with a flat-spiral embryo, dividing the scanty albu^ 

 men (when there is any) into two portions. —Fleshy salme plants, with alternate 

 nearly terete linear leaves. (An Arabic name.) Dondia Adans. 



Leaves linear or slender-cylindric, not broadened at base ; plants of Atlantic coast. 



Seed 2 mm. broad 1- S.marxUma. 



Seed 1.2-1.5 mm. broad. , , o e T>i^j,is 



rounded (not carinate) on the back ^- ii. liichti. 



Sepals (or some of them) carinate on the back. o o • 



lor 2 sepals more cucullate-carinate than the others .... 8. S. amerieana. 



Sepals equally carinate f- S ItneariH. 



Leaves strongly dilated at base; plants of western plains o. b. aepreasa. 



1 S maritima (L.) Dumort. Comparatively low, 0.5-4 (rarely 5 or 6) dm. 

 hio-h ascending or depressed, subsimple or with spreading-ascending or decumbent 

 fiubsimple branches, or even forming depressed mats ; leaves usually glaucous, 

 acutish, semicylindric {flat above, convex beneath), 5 cm. or less Icmg ; those of 

 the flowering branches shorter, and much exceeding the 1-4 axillary flowers ; 

 sepals pale green, rounded or obscurely keeled on the back ; seed red-brown or 

 black. (Dondia Druce.) — Common on salt marshes, e. Que. to Ct., and oc&a- 

 eionally southw. to La. Fr., June-Sept. (Eu.) 



2. S. Richii Fernald. Stems procumbent, forming mats 5 dm. or lees across 

 (sometimes fruiting when 1 cm. long); leaves dark green, not glaucous, subcylin- 

 dric, dorsally compressed, obtuse, the lower 1.5 cm. or less in length ; those of 

 the flowering branches broader and shorter (4-5 mm. long) ; seed black.— 

 Salt marshes and wet sand, coast of N. S. and Me. Fr., July-Sept, 



3. S. amerieana (Pers.) Fernald. Stems procumbent, the branches 2 or 3 

 dm.' long, only the abundant densely flowered spiciform ultimate branches as- 

 cending! leaves linear, thickish {flat above), acute, the lower about 2 cm. long, 

 those subtending the crowded flowers broader and shorter ; sepals very irreg- 

 ular, 1 or 2 strongly keeled. {Salsola salsa, var. Pers,) — Salt marshes, lower 

 St. Lawrence R. to s. Me. Fr., late Sept.-Nov. — Mature plant purplish through- 



4. S. linearis (Ell.) Moq. Erect or ascending, 2-9 dm. high, profusely 

 branched; the slender branches ascending or wide-spread, not procumbent; 

 leaves narrowly linear, acute, deep green, not glaucous, the lower 4 cm. or less 

 lonf^, the upper similar but shorter ; sepals equally carinate. {Dondia amerieana 

 Britton, not Salsola salsa, var. amerieana Pers.) — Sandy coast, Me. to Tex. 

 Fr., Sept.-Nov. , ^_. x *i, 



5. S. depressa (Pursh) Wats. Decumbent or erect, branching from the 

 base ; leaves broadest at base, the cauline 1-4 cm. long, the floral lanceolate to 

 ovate ; one or more of the calyx-lobes very strongly carinate or crested. {Don- 

 dia Britton.)— Saline soil, Man. and w. Minn, to Neb., and westw. across the 

 plains. 



10. SALSOLA L Saltwort 



Flowers perfect, with 2 bractlets. Calyx 5-parted, its divisions at length 

 horizontally winged on the back, the wings forming a broad scarious border. 

 Stamens mostly 5. Styles 2. Seed horizontal, without albumen. — Herbs or 

 slio-htly shrubby branching plants with fleshy and rather terete or awl-shaped 

 leaves and sessile axillary flowers. (Diminutive of salsus, salty, alluding to the 

 saline habitat of most of the species. ) 



1. S. Kali L. (Common S.) Annual, diffusely branching, bushy, pubes- 

 cent (rarely glabrous) ; leaves all alternate, aiol-shaped, stiffish, prickly-pointecl ; 

 flowers single ; calyx with converging lobes forming a sort of beak over the fruit, 

 the yellowish to lead-colored wings nearly orbicular and spreading. — Sandy 

 sea-shore, Nfd. to Ga., and saline places inland. Aug. (Eu.) Var. cakolin- 

 iXna (Walt.) Nutt. Glabrous throughout (rarely pubescent); the wings 

 iarger, roseate. — Similar range. (Eu.) 



Var. tbnuif6lia G. F. W. Mey. (Russian Thistle.) Erect or ascending, 

 very bushy ; leaves especially on the young and vearetative stems longer (3-7 cm. 



