400 RANUNCULACEAE (CROWFOOT FAMILY) 



H- -I- H- Achenes sessile or subsessile, thin-walled, the ribs often connected by 

 transverse reticulations ; leaves i)-\-ternate. 



••^ Filaments capillary, soon drooping; petioles of the stem-leaves well de-jel 



oped; vernal. 



5. T. dioicum L. (Early M.) Smooth and pale or glaucous, 3-6 dm. high ; 

 leaves (2-3) all with general petioles ; leaflets thin, light green, drooping, sub- 

 orbicular, :5-7-lobed ; flowers dioecious ; sepals purplish or greenish white. — 

 Rocky woods, etc., centr. Me., westw. and southw., common. Apr., May. 



Hf ++ Filaments capillary or slightly club-shaped, soon drooping ; petioles of the 

 stem-leaves short or none ; aestival. 



6. T. dasycarpum. Fisch. & Lall. Stem 6-12 dm. high, usually purplish ; 

 leaflets shortly oblong, mostly 8-toothed, more or less veiny, pale and usually 

 covered with a Jine non-glandular pubescence beneath ; flowers dioecious ; se- 

 pals and capillary tilaments commonly purplish white. ( T. purpurascens Man. 

 ed. 6, in part.) — Alluvial soil, N. J. to the Saskatchewan, and south westw. 



7. T. revolutum DC. Habit and flowers much as in the preceding ; leaflets 

 thicker, under a lens finely glandular-puberulent, the glands or waxy globules 

 sessile or shortly stipitate. ( T. purpurascens Man. ed. 6, in part, including 

 var. ceriferum Aust.) — Rocky upland woods, etc., also on river banks, e. 

 Mass. to N. J., s. w. Ont., s. Ind., and N. C. — Emitting a heavy odor. 



++++++ Filaments club-shaped, ascending or spreading until after anthesis. 



8. T. pol3fgamum Muhl. (Tall M.) Glabrous or pubescent but not glan- 

 dular, 0.5-2.6 m. high; stem-leaves sessile; leaflets rather firm, roundish to 

 oblong, commonly with mucronate lobes or tips, sometimes puberulent beneath ; 

 panicles very compound; flowers white (rarely purplish), the fertile ones with 

 some stamens ; anthers not drooping, small, oblong, blunt, the mostly white 

 tilaments decidedly thickened upwards; achenes glabrous. (T. Cornuti Man. 

 ed. 5, not L.) — Wet meadows and along rivulets, Nfd. to O. and southw., com- 

 mon. July-Sept. Var. hebecarpum Fernald. Leaflets usually pubescent 

 beneath; achenes pubescent. — Nfd. to s. Ont. and N. H. 



6. ANEMONELLA Spach. 



Involucre compound, at the base of an umbel of flowers. Sepals 5-10, white 

 and conspicuous. Petals none. Achenes 4-15, ovoid, terete, strongly 8-10- 

 ribbed, sessile. Stigma terminal, broad and depressed. — Low glabrous peren- 

 nial ; leaves all radical, compound. (Name a diminutive of Anemone, to which 

 this plant has sometimes been referred. ) 



1. A. thalictroides (L.) Spach. (Rue Anemone.) Stem and slender peti- 

 ole of radical leaf (1-3 dm. high) rising from a cluster of thickened tuberous 

 roots ; leaves 2-3-ternately compound ; leaflets roundish, somewhat 3-lobed at 

 the end, cordate at the base, long-petiolulate, those of the 2-3-leaved 1-2-ternate 

 involucre similar ; flowers several in an umbel ; sepals oval (1.2 cm. long, some- 

 times pinkish), not early deciduous. (/SyncZesmow Hoffmannsegg. ; Thalictrum 

 anemonoides Mxchs..) — Woods, common, s. N. H. to Minn., Kan., Tenn., and 

 n. w. Fla. — Rarely the sepals, stamens or involucre are variously modified. 



7. HEPATICA [Rupp.] Hill. Liverleaf. Hepatica 



Leaves heart-shaped and 3-lobed, thickish and persistent through the winter, 

 tlie new ones appearing later than the flowers, which are single, on hairy scapes. 

 (Name from a fancied resemblance to the liver in the shape of the leaves.) 



1. H. triloba Chaix. Leaves with 3 ovate obtuse or rounded lobes ; those 

 of the involucre also obtuse ; sepals 6-12, blue, purplish, or nearly white ; achenes 

 several, in a small loose head, ovate-oblong, pointed, hairy. {H. Hepatica 

 Karst.) — Woods, coinmon from N. S. to Fla., Mo., and Minn.; more abundant 

 eastw. (Alaska, Eu.) 



