PAPAVERACEAE (POPPY FAMILY) 415 



• Petals 8-12, not crumpled in the bud ; pod 1-celled, 2-valved. 



1 . Sanguinaria. Petals white. Leaves and l-flowered scape from a short rootstock. 



* * Petals 4, crumpled in the bud ; pod with 2 or more valves. 



*- Pod 2-4-valved, the valves separating to the base from the placentae ; leaves pinuately parted; 



flowers yellow. 



2. Stylophorum. Pod bristly ; style distinct ; stigmas and placentae 8-4. 



3. Chelidonium. Pod linear, smooth ; style almost none ; stigmas and placentae 2. 



4. Glaucium. Pod rough, long-linear, 2-celled by a spongy partition ; style none. 



4- +- Pod 4-20-valved, dehiscent only at the top or to the middle. 



5. Papaver. Ovary incompletely many-celled; stigmas united into a radiate sessile crown. 



6. Argemone. Stigmas (sessile) and placentae 4-6. Pod and leaves prickly. 



1. SANGUINArIA [Dill.] L. Bloodroot 



Sepals 2. Petals 8-12, spatulate-oblong. Stamens about 24. Style short ; 

 stigma 2-grooved. Pod ellipsoid or fusiform, turgid, 1-celled, 2-valved. Seeds 

 with a large crest. — Low perennial ; its thick prostrate rootstocks (surcharged 

 with red-orange acrid juice) sending up in earliest spring a palmate-lobed leaf 

 and l-flowered scape. Flower white, handsome, the bud erect, the petals not 

 crumpled. (Name from the color of the juice.) 



1. S. canadensis L. — Open rich woods ; common. Apr., May. 



Bocc6nia cordXta Willd., the Plume Poppy, a stout plant with glaucous "f" 



cordate lobed leaves, and panicles of small greenish apetalous flowers, is frecjuent w 



in cultivation and has been found as an escape in Madison Co., O. (J/rs. /S'/mrp). >• 



(Introd. from China.) v* 



2. STYL6pH0RUM Nutt. Celandine Poppr 



Sepals 2, hairy. Petals 4. Style distinct, columnar; stigma 2-4-lobed. 

 Pods bristly, 2-4-valved to the base. Seeds conspicuously crested. — Perennial 

 low herbs, with stems naked below and oppositely 2-leaved, or sometimes 1-3- 

 leaved, and umbellately 1-few-flowered at the summit ; the flower-buds and the 

 pods nodding. Leaves pinnately parted or divided. Juice yellow. (From 

 o-tDXos, style, and (p^peip, to bear, one of the distinctive characters.) 



1. S. diphyllum (Michx.) Nutt. Leaves pale beneath, smoothish, deeply 

 pinnatifid into 5 or 7 oblong sinuate-lobed divisions, and the root-leaves often 

 with a pair of small distinct leaflets ; peduncles equaling the petioles ; flower 

 deep yellow (5 cm. broad); stigmas 3 or 4 ; pod ovoid. — Damp woods, w. Pa. to 

 Wise, " Mo.," and Tenn. May. — Foliage and flower resembling Celandine. 



3. CHELIDONIUM [Tourn.] L. Celandine 



Sepals 2. Petals 4. Stamens 16-24. Style almost none ; stigma 2-lobed. 

 Pod linear-cylindric, smooth, 2-valved, the valves opening from the bottom up-' 

 ward. Seeds crested. — Biennial herb with brittle stems, saffron-colored acrid 

 juice, pinnately divided or 2-pinnatifid and toothed or cut leaves, and small yel- 

 low flowers in a pedunculate umbel ; buds nodding. (Ancient Greek name, 

 from xeXiSw;/, the swallow, because its flowers appear with the swallows.) 



1. C. mXjus L. — Rich damp soil about towns, centr. Me. to Out., and 

 south w., common from s. Me. to Pa. May-Aug. (Nat. from Eu.) 



4. GLAUCIUM [Tourn.] Hill. Horn Poppy. Sea Poppy 



Sepals 2. Petals 4. Style none ; stigma 2-labed or 2-horned. Pod very 

 long and linear, completely 2-celled by a spongy false partition ; seeds cre.st- 

 less. — Annuals or biennials, with saffron-colored juice, clasping leaves, and 

 8oli*^^ary yellow flowers. (The Greek name, f\avKi.ov, from the glaucous foliage.) 



