438 CAPPARIDACHAE (CAPES FAMILY) 



partly clasping by the heart-shaped base ; petals (bright white, 8 mm. long) the 

 length of the calyx; pedicels slender, spreading; pods spreading or ascending^ 

 tipped with a distinct style. — Fa. to Minn, and southw. Apr., May. 



9. A. hirsuta (L.) Scop. Rough-hairy, sometimes smoothish, strictly erect; 

 stem-leaves oblong or lanceolate, entire or toothed, partly clasping by a some- 

 what arrow-shaped or heart-shaped base ; petals (greenish white) small, but 

 longer than the calyx; pedicels and pods strictly upright; style scarcely any; 

 immature seeds somewhat 2-rowed.— -Gravelly shores and calcareous rocks, 

 especially north w. May, June. (Eu.) 



» * * Erect leafy -stemmed biennials (3-9 dm. high), with small whitish flowers, 

 recurved-spreading or pendulous flat pods (7-10 cm. long), and broadly 

 winged seeds, the funiculus adherent to the partition; root-leaves rarely 

 lyrate. 



10. A. laevigata (Muhl.) Poir. >S'moo«^ and glaucous, upright ; stem-leaves 

 partly clasping by the arrow-shaped base, lanceolate or linear, mostly toothed, 

 sometimes (var. laciniXta T. & G.) incised ; petals scarcely longer than the 

 calyx ; pods long and narrow, recurved-spreading on ascending or merely 

 spreading pedicels. — Rocky places, w. Me. to S. Dak. and southw. May. 



Var. Biirkii Porter. Leaves narrower, those of the stem essentially entire, 

 not auricled at the base. — Dry hills. Pa. to Va. 



11. A. canadensis L. (Sickle-pod.) Stem upright, smooth above ; stem- 

 leaves pubescent, pointed at both ends, oblong-lanceolate, sessile, the lower 

 toothed ; petals twice the length of the calyx, oblong-linear ; pods very flat, 

 scythe-shaped (4 mm. wide), hanging on rough-hairy pedicels. — Rocky woods 

 and ravines, e. Mass. and Vt. to Out. , and southw. June-Aug. 



CAPPARIDACEAE (Caper Family) 



Herbs (when in northern regions) with cruciform flowers, but 6 or more not 

 tetradynamous stamens, a 1-celled pod with 2 parietal placentae, and kidney- 

 ihaped seeds. — Pod as in Cruciferae, but with no partition ; seeds similar, but 

 the embryo coiled rather than folded. Leaves alternate, mostly palmate. Often 

 with the acrid or pungent qualities of Cruciferae (as in capers, the flower-buds 

 of Capparis spinosa). 



* Pod sessile or short-stiped ; stamens 6-a>, 



1. Polanisia. Petals subequal, emarginate. 



* * Pod long-stiped ; stamens 6. 



2. Cleome. Stamens 6. Pod linear, many-seeded, long-stipitate. 



1. POLANiSIA Raf. 



Petals with claws, notched at the apex. Stamens 8-32, unequal. Receptacle 

 not elongated, bearing a gland behind the base of the ovary. Pod linear or 

 oblong, veiny, turgid, many-seeded. — Fetid annuals, with glandular or clammy 

 hairs. Flowers in leafy racemes. (Nam^e from iroXv-, many, and Avtaos, unequal, 

 points in which the genus differs in its stamens from Cleome.) 



1. P. graveolens Raf. Leaves with 3 oblong leaflets; stamens about 11, 

 scarcely exceeding the petals ; style short ; pod slightly stipitate. — Gravelly 

 shores and banks, w. Que. to Chesapeake Bay, and westw. June-Aug. — 

 Flowers small (4-6 mm. long) ; calyx and filaments purplish ; petals yellowish 

 white. 



2. P. trachysp^rma T. & G. Flowers larger (8-10 mm. long); the stamens 

 (12-16) long-exserted ; style 4-6 mm. long; pod sessile ; seeds usually rough.— 

 la. to Kan., southw. and westw. ; also by a stream, Salisbury, Ct. (^Mrs. Phelps^ 

 Wecuherby) , where probably introduced. 



