442 CRASSULACEAE (ORPINE FAMILY) 



Saxifrageae only in this complete symmetry, and in the carpels (in most of the 

 genera) being quite distinct from each other. Also, instead of a perigynoua 

 disk, there are usually little scales on the receptacle, one behind each carpel. 

 Fruit dry and dehiscent ; the pods (follicles) opening down the ventral suture, 

 many (rarely few)-seeded. Stipules none. *Flowers usually cymose, small. 

 Leaves mostly sessile, in Penthorum not at all fleshy 



* Not succulent ; carpels united, forming a 5-celled capsule. 



1. Penthorum. Calyx-lobes 5. Petals none. Stamens 10. Pod 5-beaked, many-seeded. 



* * Leaves, etc., thick and succulent ; carpels distinct. 



2. Tillaea. Calyx-lobes, petals, stamens, and pistils 3-4. Seeds few-many. 

 8. Sedum. Calyx-lobes, petals, and pistils 4-5. Stamens 8-10. Seeds many. 



4. Sempervivum. Calyx-lobes, petals, and pistils 6-co. Stamens mostly twice as many. 



1. PiJNTHORUM [Gronov.] L. Ditch Stonecrop 



Calyx-lobes 5. Petals rare, if any. Stamens 10. Pistils 5, united below, 

 forming a 5-angled 5-horned and 5-celled capsule, which opens by the falling 

 off of the beaks, many-seeded. — Upright weed-like perennials (not fleshy like 

 the rest of the family), with scattered leaves, and yellowish green flowers loosely 

 spiked along the upper side of the naked branches of the cyme. (Name from 

 iriyre, five, and 6'pos, a mark, from the quinary order of the flower.) 



1. P. sedoides L. Leaves lanceolate, acute at both ends. — Open wet places, 

 N. B. to Fla., w. to Minn., e. Kan., and Tex. July-Oct. — Parts of the flower 

 rarely in sixes or sevens. 



2. TILLAtA [Mich.] L. 



Calyx-lobes, petals, stamens, and pistils 3-4. Pods 2-many-seeded. — Very 

 small tufted annuals, with opposite entire leaves and axillary flowers. (Named 

 in honor of Michael Angela Tilli, an early Italian botanist.) 



1. T. aquatica L, Rooting at the base (1-8 cm. high); leaves linear-oblong ; 

 flowers solitary, nearly sessile; calyx half the length of the (greenish white) 

 petals and the narrow 8-10-seeded pods, the latter with a scale at the base of 

 each. (r. simplex Nutt.) — Brackish muddy shores, near the coast, local, Que. 

 to Md., and south w ; also on the Pacific coast. July-Sept. (Eu., n. Afr.) 



2. T. Vaillantii Willd. Similar ; peduncles slender, about as long as the 

 leaves. ^F. E. I. (Churchill); Nantucket, Mass. (Mrs. M. P. Bohinsony 

 Floyd). — Perhaps not specifically distinct from the last. (Eu., n. Afr.) 



3. S^DUM [Tourn.] L. Stonecrop. Orpine 



Calyx-lobes and petals 4-5. Stamens 8-10. Follicles many-seeded ; a little 

 scale at the base of each. — Chiefly perennial smooth and thick-leaved herbs, 

 with cymose or one-sided inflorescence. Petals almost always narrow and acute 

 Dr pointed. (Name from sedere, to sit, alluding to the manner in which these 

 plants fix themselves upon rocks and walls .) 



Flowers perfect. 

 Leaves thick (from linear-cylindric to thick-ovate). 

 Leaves closely imbricated, thick-ovate ; flowers yellow . , . 1. & acre. 



Leaves not imbricated, linear-cylindric. 

 Flowers vellow. 

 Central flower of cyme 5-meroas and lO-androus, the others 4-merou8 



and 8-androu3 2. 8. Nuttalianwm, 



All the flowers 5-merous and 10-androu8 7. «S. r^exu/ni. 



Flowers white to purplish . .8. 8. puldiellum, 



I-eaves flat and broad. 

 Cauline leaves opposite or whorled. 



Leaves entire, chiefly in whorls of 3; flowers white .... 4. S. temattim. 

 Leaves crenate, opposite ; flowers pink or purplish . . . 6. S. stoloni/erum. 



<?aiiline leaves alternate or spirally arranged- 



