SAXIFRAGACEAE (SAXIFRAGE FAMILY^ 451 



Calyx -lobes as long as or exceeding the tube. 

 Stamens at length equahng or exceeding ihe calyx-lobes ; berry smooth. 



Calyx 9-12 mm. long 8. /?. gracile. 



Calyx 5-T mm. long. 

 Petioles usually bearing only simple elongate glands ; bracts of the 



raceme mostly rounded at tip 4. /?. rotundifolium. 



Petioles bearing mostly compound elongate trichomas; bracts of 

 the raceme mostly pointed. 

 Principal leaves cuneate to truncate at base. 

 Mature leaves glabrate or slightly pilose beneath . . . f>. R. oxyacanthoideH. 

 Mature leaves densely soft-pubescent . . (5) R. oxyacanthoideH, v. calcicn/a. 



Principal leaves subcordate at base . . . (5) 7?. axyacanthoides. v. kaxokvm 



Stamens distinctly shorter than the calyx-lobes ; berry hairy or glandular 6. R. GrosHularia. 

 * * Flowers several in elongate racemes. (Curkants.) 

 Calyx campanulate to saucer-shaped. 

 Leaves sprinkled, at least beneath, with resinous atoms ; calyx cam- 

 panulate ; fruit black. 

 Calyx-tube equaling the lobes. 



Bracts shorter than the pedicels Q. R. nigrum. 



Bracts longer than the pedicels 7. R.floridum,. 



Calyx open-campanulate, the lobes much exceeding the short tube . 9. R. hudsonianum. 

 Leaves with no resinous atoms (except occasional glands on the pedi- 

 cels) ; calyx dattish. 

 Stems densely covered with X)rickles ; fruit black . . . . 10. i?. lacusire. 

 Stems without prickles ; fruit red. 



Ovary and berries glandular-bristly 11. .^. prostratum. 



Ovary and berries smooth. 

 Upright shrub ; middle lobe of leaf ovate ; pedicels without capi- 

 tate glands ; calyx yellowish 12. ^. vulgare. 



Decumbent shrub ; middle lobe of leaf deltoid ; pedicels with 



capitate glands ; calyx purplish 18. i?. triftfe. 



Calyx salver-form, with elongate tube , . . ... . .14. R. aureum 



1. R. Cyn6sbati L. (Prickly G., Dogberry.) Inf rPi-axiWary spines slender. 

 0.5-1 cm. long ; leaves round-ovate, rounded or subcordate at base, soft-pubes- 

 cent ; racemes loose, 2. 5-6 cm. long ; stamens and undivided style not longer than 

 the broadly bell-shaped calyx; berries large, armed with long prickles or rarely 

 smooth. — Rocky woods, w. Me. to the mts. of N. C, w. to Man, and Mo. 

 Var. glabrXtum Fernald. Leaves glabrate or only sparingly pilose on the 

 nerves beneath. — O. to N. C. 



2. R. huronense Rydb. Said to resemble R. Cynosbati, but with shorter 

 TSicemes, calyx-tube slender, and styles united only below the middle. — L. Huron. 



3. R. gracile Michx. (Missouri G.) Spines often long (7-17 mm.), stout 

 and red ; peduncles long and slender ; flowers white or whitish ; filaments capil- 

 lary, 1-1.5 cm. long, generally connivent or closely parallel, soon conspicuously 

 longer than the oblong-linear calyx-lobes. {R. missouriense Nutt.) — Ct. to S. 

 Dak. and southw. 



4. R. rotundifblium Michx. Spines short (2-5 mm. long); leaves rather firm, 

 sparingly pilose beneath, mostly rounded at base; peduncles short; flowers 

 greenish or the lobes dull purplish ; filaments slender, 4-7 mm. long, more or 

 less exceeding the narrowly oblong-spatnlate calyx-lobes. — Rocky banks, w. 

 Mass. and N. Y., s. in the Alleghenies to N. C. 



5. R. oxyacanthoides L. (Smooth G.) Spines 3-8 mm. long; leaves thin 

 but leathery, glabrescent, the petioles often with some naked glands among thd 

 compound tri'chomes ; peduncles very short; flowers greenish yellow to dull pur- 

 plish ; stamens usually equaling the rather broadly oblong mostly glabrous calyx^ 

 lobes. — Nfd. to Pa., w. to N. Dak. and Man. — The common smooth-fruited 

 gooseberry of the North, the whitish prickles and spines often numerous. Var 

 CALcfcoLA Fernald. Leaves densely soft-pubescent; calyx pjibescent. — Marh 

 swamps and limestone rocks, e. Que. and n. Mich. Var. saxosum (Hook.' 

 Coville. Calyx and subcordate leaves essentially glabrous. — Nfd., e. Que., Cap< 

 Breton I., L. Superior, Rocky Mts. 



6. R GrossulXria L. (Europe an G.) Spines stout, 1-1.5 cm. long, 

 peduncles very short, \{rarely '2)-flowered ; mlyx hirsute, its lobes oblong. 

 {R. Uva-crispa L.)— Escaped from cultivation and locally established in Que., 

 N. E., and the Middle States. (Introd. from Eu.) 



7. R. fl6riduni L'H^r. OVild Black Ci Leaves slightly heart-shaped, 



