ROSACEAE (^llOSE FAMILY j 485 



2. F UlmXria (L.) Maxim. (Qtjeen of thk Meadow.) Leaves canescent- 



tomentose heneath ; terminal leaflet o-o-lobed, lobes ovale, doubly serrate ; the 

 lateral leaflets mostly unlobed ; petals white. {Spiraea L. ; Ulmaria Barnh'art.) 



— Commonly cultivated ; established at several places in N. E. and Que. July. 

 (Introd. from Eurasia.) 



17. GEUM L. AvENS 



Calyx bell-shaped or flattish, deeply 5-cleft, usually with 5 small bractlets at 

 the sinuses. Petals 5. Stamens many. Achenes numerous, lu-aped on a coni- 

 cal or cylindrical dry receptacle, the long persistent styles forming hairy or 

 naked and straight or jointed tails. Seed erect; radicle inferior. — Perennial 

 herbs, with pinnate or lyrate leaves. (A plant name used by Pliny.) 



§ 1. EUGEUM T. & G. Styles jointed and bent near the middle, the upper 

 part deciduous and mostly hairy, the lower 7iaked and hooked, becoming 

 elongated; head of fruit sessile in the calyx; calyx-lobes rejlexed. 



* Petals white or pale greenish-yellow, small, spatulate or oblong ; stipules small. 

 t- Receptacle of the fruit densely hairy. 



1. G. canadlnse Jacq. Stem (0.(^-1.1 m. high) and petioles sparingly hairy ; 

 leaves soft-pubescent beneath or glabrate, the basal of 3-5 leaflets or undivided, 

 those of the stem mostly 3-divided or -lobed, rather sharply toothed ; stipules 

 ovate-oblong, 1-1.5 cm. long, sub entire ; petals white. (G-. album J. F. Gmel.) 



— Borders of woods, etc., widely distributed. 



2. G. flavum (Porter) Bicknell. Stem and petioles hirsute; leaves much as 

 in the preceding but more bluntly toothed ; stipules ovate or obovate, usually 

 about 2 cm. long, conspicuously cleft; petals greenish-yellow. — Dry woods, Ct. 

 to O. and Va. 



-*- -t- Receptacle ofthefi-uit glabrous or nearly so. 



3. G. virginianum L. Bristly-hairy, especially the stout stem; lower and 

 root-leaves pinnate, very various, the upper mostly 3-parted or divided, incised ; 

 petals inconspicuous, shorter than the calyx ; heads of fruit larger, the short 

 stout peduncles hirsute with reflexed hairs ; receptacle glabrous or nearly so. — 

 Borders of woods and low grounds ; common. June-Aug. 



** Petals golden-yellow, conspicuous, broadly obovate, exceeding the calyx; 

 stipules larger and all deeply cut. 



t- Terminal segment of leaves suborbicular, finely crenate-dentate. 



4. G. macrophyllum Willd. Bristly-hairy, stout, 3-0 dm. higli ; root-leavte 

 1 yrately and interruptedly pinnate, with the terminal leaflet very large and round 

 fip art-shaped ; lateral leaflets of the stem-leaves 2-4, minute, the terminal rouna 

 ish, 3-cleft, the lobes wedge-form and rounded; receptacle nearly naked. — Rich 

 soil, Nfd. to Alaska, s. to mis. of n. N. E. and N. Y., Mich., n. Wise, Minn., 

 CoL, and Cal. (N. E. Asia.) 



•»- t- lerminal segment of leaves cuneate-obovate or oblanceolate. 



•^ Leaves incisely toothed; body of ripe achene 1-2 mm. long. 



5. G. strictum Ait. Somewhat hairy, 0-15 dm. high ; root-leaves inter- 

 ruptedly ]iiunate, the leaflets wedge-obovate ; leaflets of the stem-leaves 3-5, 

 rhombic-ovate or oblong, acute; receptacle downy. — Moist meadows, thickets, 

 etc., Ntd. to B. C, s. to N. J., Pa., 111., Mo., and N. Mex. July, Aug. (Asia.) 



■M. ^ Leaves bluntly toothed; body of ripe achene 4-5 mm. long. 



6 G. urbXnum L. Smootliisli, loosely branched ; segments of stem-leaves 

 mostly rhombic-obovate ; petals yellow, about equaling the calyx. — Established 

 in Cambridge, Mass. (Adv. from Eu.) 



