UMBELLIFERAE (PARSLEY FAMILY) 621 



perennial herb, with branched stems, large bipinnate leaves with rhombic^ 

 obovate and compound conspicuously involucrate umbels. (Name said to be a 

 corruption of LigusticAim.) 



1. L. officinXle (L.) Koch. Essentially glabrous ; leaflets coarsely toothed 

 toward the apex, entire at the cuneate base. (L. Levisticum Karst )— Culti- 

 vated for the aromatic qualities especiaUy of its seeds, and now occasionallv 

 found as a local escape. (Introd. from s. Eu.) 



39. ANETHUM [Tourn.] L. Dill 



Petals yellow. Fruit elliptical, flattened dorsally, the lateral ribs winged. 

 Involucre and involucels none, — Slender caulescent annuals with finely divided 

 leaves, and compound umbels. ("Ai'tj^oi', ancient Greek name of the dill, thought 

 to come iYora&deiv, to hum, in allusion to the pungent seeds.) 



1. A. GRAVEOLENs L. Ercct, glabrous, usually branched, 3-10 dm. high • 

 leaves finely dissected, fennel-like. — Thoroughly established at Bridgeport, Ct.' 

 CUames), and casual on waste ground, etc., elsewhere. (Introd. from Eu.) 



40. HERACLEUM L. Cow Parsnip 



Fruit obovate, as in Pastinaca, but with a thick conical s^ylopodium, and 

 the conspicuous obclavate oil-tubes extending scarcely below 

 the middle. — Tall stout perennials, with large compound 

 leaves, broad umbels, deciduous involucre, and many-leaved 

 involucels, white or purplish flowers, and obcordate petals, 

 the outer ones commonly larger and 2-cleft. (Dedicated to 

 Hercules.) 



1. H. lanatum Michx. Woolly; stem grooved, 1-2.8 m. 

 high ; leaves ternate ; leaflets broad, irregularly cut-toothed. 

 — Wet ground, Nfd. to the Pacific, and south w. to N. C, 

 Ky., and Kan, June. Fig. 839. 



2. H. Sphondylium L. Spreading-pubescent and some- 

 wiiat scabrous; leaves pinnate; leaflets 3-7, coarsely and 

 rather bluntly toothed. — Casual on waste land, etc., chiefly 



H. lanatum X 2. about Atlantic ports. (Adv. from Eu.) 



41. IMPERATdRIA [Tourn.] L. 



Calyx-teeth obsolete. Petals small, white. Fruit suborbicular or broadly 

 elliptical, distinctly cordate at base and apex, smooth, the ribs filiform except 

 the lateral, which are developed into a broad thin wing ; stylopodium conical ; 

 oil-tubes solitary in the intervals and as long or nearly as long as the fruit. — 

 Stately smoothish perennials, with ternately compound leaves. (From im- 

 perator, master, emperor, in allusion, it is said, to its powerful medicinal 

 qualities.) 



1. I. OsTRijTHiuM L. (Masterwort.) Steiu hollow, 8-15 dm. high ; leaflets 

 large, ovate or obovate, serrate and commonly incised, nearly or quite glabrous ; 

 umbels with very numerous rays exinvolucrate or nearly so ; bracts of the 

 involucels few, narrow, inconspicuous. — Formerly cultivated, now locally estab- 

 lished in e. Pa,, Mich., and perhaps elsewhere. (Introd. from Eu.) 



42. OXYPOLIS Raf. 



Calyx-teeth evident. Fruit ovate to obovate, flattened dorsally ; dorsal ribs 

 filiform, the lateral broadly winged, closely contiguous and strongly nerved next 

 to the body (giving the appearance of 5 dorsal ribs); oil-tubes solitary in the 

 intervals, 2-6 on the commissure ; stylopodium short, thick-conical. — Glabro'is 

 erect aquatic herbs ; involucre and involucels present, and flowers white. (Deri- 

 TatioD unexplained.) Tiedemannia DC- 



