CORNACEAE CDOGWOOD FAMILY) 629 



with dark purple stem ; leaves 2-3-ternately divided, the pinnate segments of 

 5-7 lanceolate to ovate leaflets, 2-4 cm. broad, sharply mucroiiate-serrate 

 (Archangelica Hoffm.) — Alluvial soils, Nfd. to Del., 111., la, Minn and w 

 Ont. Fig. 842. 



45. t6RILIS Adans. 



Calyx-teeth short, triangular, persistent. Fruit bristly with hooked prickles 

 or warty, the primary ribs not so prominent as the secondary. — Ert-ct slonder 

 caulescent annuals with bipinnate leaves, compound umbels, and dense hearls of 

 white flowers, the involucres and involucels of linear bracts. (Etymology un- 

 known.) Caucalis of auth., in part. 



1. T. Anthriscus (L.) Bernh. Umbels open, loose, lo7ig-p<;dn7icled, rai.sed 

 above the leaves ; prickles evenly distributed on the fruit. {Caucalis Iliids.) — 

 Open woods and waste places, N. Y. to D. C, Ky., and O. (Nat. from Eu.) 



2. T. nod6sa (L.) Gaertn. Umbels dense, subcapitate ; peduncles much 

 shorter than the leaves ; prickles often confined to one side of the elsewhere icarty 

 carpels. (Caucalis Scop.) — Similar situations, from the Middle Atlantic States 

 westw. (Adv. from Eu.) 



46. DAUCUS [Tourn.] L. Carrot 



Fruit oblong, flattened dorsally ; stylopodium depressed ; 

 carpel with 5 slender bristly primary ribs and 4 winged secondary 

 ones, each of the latter bearing a single row of barbed prickles ; 

 oil-tubes solitary under the secondary ribs, two on the commis- 

 sural side. — Bristly annuals or biennials, with pinnately decom- 

 pound leaves, foliaceous and cleft involucral bracts, and compound 

 umbels which become strongly concave. (The ancient Greek 

 name.) 



1. D. Car6ta L. Biennial ; stem bristly ; ultimate leaf-seg- 

 ments lanceolate and cuspidate; rays numerous. — Fields and 

 waste places ; a pernicious weed. — The flowers vary from white 

 D. Carota to roseate or pale yellow, the central one in each umbel usually 

 x3%. dark purple. (Nat. from Eu.) Fig. 843. 



CORNAcEAE (Dogwood Family) 



Shrubs or trees (rarely herbaceous), loith opposite or alternate simple leaves., 

 the calyx-tube adherent to the 1-2-celled ovary, its limb minute, the petals 

 (valvate in the bud) and as many stamens borne on the margin of an epigynous 

 disk in the perfect flowers ; style one; a single anatropous ovule hanging from 

 the top of the cell; the fruit a 1-2-seeded drupe ; embryo nearly as long as the 

 albumen, with large foliaceous cotyledons. — Including two genera with us, of 

 which Kyssa is partly apetalous. Bark bitter and tonic. 



1. Comus. Flowers perfect, 4-merous. Leaves mostl}' opposite. 



2. Nyssa. Flowers dioeciously polygamous, 5-merou8. . Leaves alternate. 



1. C6RNUS [Tourn.] L. Cornel. Dogwood 



Flowers perfect (or in some foreign species dioecious). Calyx minutely 

 4-toothed. Petals 4, oblong, spreading. Stamens 4 ; tilaiueuts slender. Style 

 slender ; stigma terminal, flat or capitate. Drupe small, with a 2-celled and 

 2-seeded stone. — Leaves opposite (except in one species), entire. Flowers 

 small, in open naked cymes, or in close heads surrounded by a corolla-Uk^ 

 involucre. (Name from corwM, a horn ; alluding to the hardness of the woou.} 



