654 GENTIANACEAE (GENTIAN FAMILY) 



many-seeded. — A smooth diffuse much branched small annual, with narrowly 

 linear or awl-shaped leaves connected at base by a slight stipular line ; the 

 small flowers solitary and sessile in the forks and at the ends of the branches ; 

 corolla inconspicuous, white. (Name altered from voXOTrpefivos, many-stemmed.) 

 1. P. prociimbens L. — Dry fields, mostly in sandy soil, Md. to Fla., Tex., 

 and Mo. ; also adventive in N. J. and Pa. June-Oct. 



GENTIANACEAE (Gentian Family) 



Smooth herbs, with a colorless hitter juice, opposite and sessile entire and. 

 simple leaves (except in no. 9) without stipules, regular flowers with the stamens 

 as many as the lobes of the corolla, which are convolute (rarely imbricated and 

 sometimes valvate) in the bud, a 1-celled ovary with 2 parietal placentae, or 

 nearly the whole inner face of the ovary ovuliferous ; the fruit usually a 2-valved 

 and septicidal many-seeded capsule. Calyx persistent. Corolla mostly with- 

 ering-persistent ; the stamens inserted on its tube. Seeds anatropous, with a 

 minute embryo in fleshy albumen. — Bitter-tonic plants. 



Subfamily I. GENTIANOtDEAE 



Leaves always simple and entire, sessile, never alternate. Aestivation of 

 corolla never valvate. 



* Lobes of corolla convolute in the bud. 

 -i- Style filiform, usually deciduous ; anthers oblong to linear, mostly twisting or curving in age. 



1. Sabatia. Parts of flower 5-12. Corolla rotate. Anthers recurved or revolute, 



2. Centaurium. Parts of flower 5 or 4. Corolla salver-form-. Anthers twisting spirally. 



+- +- Style stout and persistent or none ; anthers remaining straight. 

 +i- Corolla with scale-like appendages but no large pits or glands at base. 



3. Gentiana. Corolla funnel-form or bell-shaped, mostly plaited in the sinuses. Calyx 4-5-cleft. 



4. Pleurogyne. Corolla rotate. Calyx 4-5-parted. 



■n- ++ Corolla -^vith a large pit or gland at the base of each lobe. 



5. Frasera. Corolla 4-parted, rotate ; a fringed glandular spot on each lobe. . 



6. Halenia. Corolla 4-5-cleft, campanulate, and usually 4-5-spurred at the base. 



* * Lobes of corolla imbricate in the bud ; no appendages nor glands. 



7. Bartonia. Calyx 4-parted. Corolla deeply 4-cleft, somewhat campanulate. 



8. Obolaria. Calyx of 2 foliaceous sepals. Corolla 4-lobed, oblong-campanulate. 



Subfamily IL MENYANTHOIDEAE 



Leaves all alternate and mostly petioled, sometimes trifoliolate or crenate. 

 Aestivation of corolla induplicate-valvate. Marsh or aquatic perennials. 



9. Menyanthes. Corolla bearded inside. Leaves 3-foliolate. 



10. Nymphoides. Corolla naked, or bearded on the margins only. Leaves simple, rounded. 



1. SABATIA Adans. 



Calyx 5-12-parted, the lobes slender. Corolla 5-12-parted, wheel-shaped. 

 Stamens 5-12; anthers soon recurved. Style 2-cleft or -parted, slender. — 

 Biennials or annuals (rarely perennial by stolons), with slender stems, and 

 cymose-panicled handsome (white or rose-purple) flowers in summer. (Dedi- 

 cated, it is said, to L. Sabbati, an early Italian botanist.) Sabbatia Salisb. 



