678 HYDROPHYLLACEAE (WATERLEAF FAMILY) 



4. PHACELIA Juss. 



Corolla open-bell-shaped, 5-lobed. Filaments slender, often (with the 2-cleft 

 style) exserted ; anthers ovoid or oblong. Ovary with 2 linear placentae adher- 

 ent to the walls, the two often forming an imperfect partition in the ovoid 

 4-many-seeded capsule. Ovules 2-30 on each placenta. — Perennial or mostly 

 annual herbs, with simple, lobed, or divided leaves, and often handsome (blue, 

 purple, or white) flowers in scorpioid raceme-like cymes (to which the name, 

 from 0d/ceXos, a fascicle^ doubtless alludes). 



§ 1. EUPHACELIA Gray. Seeds and ovules only 4 {two on each placenta)-, 

 corolla campanulate, with narrow folds or appendages within, the lobes 

 entire. 



1. P. bipinnatlfida Michx. Biennial ; stem upright, hairy, 2.5-6 dm. high ; 

 leaves long-petioled, pinnately 3-5-divided, the divisions ovate or oblong-ovate, 

 acute, coarsely and often sparingly cut-lobed or pinnatifid ; racemes elongated, 

 loosely many-flowered, glandular-pubescent; pedicels about the length of the 

 calyx, spreading or recurved ; corolla bright blue, 1-1.5 cm. broad, with 5 pairs 

 of longitudinal ciliate folds ; stamens bearded below and with the style exserted. 

 — Kich shaded banks, O. to Mo., and south w. May, June. 



§ 2. COSMANTHUS (Nolte) Gray. Ovules and seeds as in § 1 ; corolla almost 

 rotate, loith fimbriate lobes, and no appendages within ; filaments villuus- 

 bearded, rarely exserted; leaves pinnatifid, the upper clasping. 



2. P. Piirshii Buckley. Sparsely hairy ; stem erect or ascending, branched, 

 1.5-5 dm. high ; lobes of the stem-leaves 5-9, ohlong or lanceolate, acute ; raceme 

 many-flowered; calyx-lobes lance-linear; corolla light blue, varying to white, 

 1 cm. or so broad. — Moist woods, etc., Pa. to Minn., and south w.; locally 

 introd. in e. Ont. and Ct. Apr.-^une. 



3. P. fimbriata Michx. Slightly hairy, slender ; stems spreading or ascend- 

 ing, 1-3 dm. long, few-leaved ; lowest leaves divided into 3-5 roundish leaflets ; 

 the upper 5-7-cleft or cut-toothed, the lobes obtuse; raceme 3-lO-floioered ; 

 calyx-lobes linear-oblong, obtuse, becoming spatulate ; corolla white, barely 1 

 cm. broad. — \yoods, high mts. , Va. to Ala. May, June. 



§ 3. COSMANTHOIDES Gray. Ovules and seeds 2-8 on each placenta; 



corolla rotate or campanulate, with entire lobes and no appendages. 



4. P. dubia (L.) Small. Somevjhat hairy, slender, diffusely spreading, 1-3 

 dm. high ; leaves pinnately cleft or the lower divided into 3-5 short lobes ; 

 racemes solitary, loosely 5-lo-flowered ; pedicels filiform, mostly longer than 

 the oblong calyx-lobes; corolla open-campanulate, bluish-white, 8-14 mm. 

 broad; filaments hairy; capsule globular, 6-12-seeded, one half shorter than the 

 calyx. (P. parviflora Pursh.) — Shaded banks, N. Y. to Kan., and southw. 

 Apr. -June. 



5. P. hirsuta Nutt. More hirsute and less slender ; corolla larger, 13-15 mm. 

 in diameter ; needs 4-8. — Prairies and barrens, Va. to Kan., and southw. 



6. P. Covillei Watson. Like the preceding; racemes %-b-flowered ; calyx- 

 lobes linear, in fruit 6 mm. long or more ; corolla tubular-campanulate, with 

 erect limb; filaments glabrous; capsule depressed-globose; seeds 4, large. — 

 Alluvial soil, D. C.; "111.^' Apr., May. 



§ 4. EUTOCA (R. Br.) Gray. Ovules and seeds numerous on each placenta ; 

 corolla rotate-campanulate, with 10 vertical lamellae within. 



7. P. Franklinii (R. Br.) Gray. Soft-hairy; stem erect, ^-S flm. nigh, 

 rather stout ; leaves pinnately parted into many lanceolate or oblong-linear 

 lobes, which are crowded and often cut-toothed jv pinnatifid ; racemes short, 

 dense, crowded into an oblong spike; calyx-lobes linear; corolla blue. — Dry 

 soil and recent clearings, Oixt, oijd Mich, to the Rocky Mts., and far north w. 

 June- Aug. 



