712 SOLANACEAE (NIGHTSHADE FAMILY) 



35. ELSH6lTZIA Willd. 



Calyx with equal teeth. Corolla 4-l()bed, slightly 2-lipped. Stamens 4, as- 

 cending, exserted, didynainous ; anther-CtUs divergent. — Herbs, with ovate or 

 oblong petioled leaves and spicate small flowers. (^Named for J. S. ElsJioUz, 

 German physician and botanist of the 17th century.) 



1. E. Patrini (Lepecliin) (Jarcke. Smooth annual, 3-7 dm. high ; bracts of 

 the spike ovate, veiny, mucronate ; calyx hirsute ; corolla purplish, 2-3 mm. 

 long. — Clearings and shores, L. Temiscouata, Que. {Northrop). (Nat. from 

 Asia.) 



SOLAN ACEAE (Nightshade Family) 



Herbs {or rarely shrubs), with colorless juice and alternate leaves, regular 

 b-merous and 5-androus floioers, on bractless pedicels ; the corolla imbricate or 

 valvate in the bud, and mostly plaited; the fruit a 2-celled {rarely S--j-celled) 

 many-seeded capsule or berry. Seeds campylotropous or amphitropous. Embryo 

 mostly slender and curved in fleshy albumen. Calyx usually persistent. Star- 

 mens mostly equal, inserted on the corolla. Style and stigma single. Placentae 

 in the axis, often projecting far into the cells. (Foliage rank-scented, and with 

 the fruits mostly narcotic, often very poisonous, though some are edible.) — A 

 large family in the tropics, but sparingly indigenous in our district, shading off 

 into Scrophulariaceae, from which the plaited regular corolla and 5 equal 

 stamens generally distinguish it. 



(Various cultivated species, as the Tomato, Ltcopersicox escclentum Mill., 

 the Potato, SolInum tuber6sum L., the Egg-plant, S. Melongexa L., and Petu- 

 nias, PETtjNiA axillXris (Lam.) BSP. and P. violXcea Lindl., stray from 

 cultivation but seldom persist.) 



* Corolla wheel-shaped, 5- parted or 5-lobed ; the lobes valvate and their margins usually turned 

 inward in the bud ; anthers connivent ; fruit a berry. 



1. Solanum. Anthers opening by pores or chinks at the tip. 



* * Corolla various, not wheel-shaped, nor valvate in the bud ; anthers separate. 

 +- Fruit a berry, closely invested by an herbaceous (not angled) calyx. 



2. Chamaesaracha. Corolla plicate, 5-angulate. Pedicels solitary, recurved in fruit. 



-s- -t- Fruit a berry, inclosed in the bladdery-inflated calyx ; corolla widely expanding. 



3. Physalis. Calyx 5-cleft. Corolla 5-lobed or nearly entire. Berry juicy, 2-ceUed. 



4. Nicandra. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla nearly entire. Berry dry, 3-5-celled. 



-i- ->- -H Fruit a berry, with the unaltered calyx persistent at its base. 



5. Lycium. Corolla funnel-form or tubular, not plaited. Berry small, 2-celled. 



■H +- -!- -t- Fruit a capsule. 

 C. Hyoscyamus. Calyx urn-shaped, inclosing the smooth 2-celled capsule, the top of which 

 falls otf as a lid. Corolla and stamens somewhat irregular. 



7. Datura. Calyx prismatic, 5-toothed. Capsule prickly, naked, more or less 4-celled, 4-valved. 



Corolla funnel-form. 



8. Nicotiana. Calyx tubular-bell-shaped, 5-cleft. Capsule inclosed in the calyx, 2-celled. 



1. SOLAnUM [Tourn.] L. Nightshade 



Calyx and wheel-shaped corolla 5-parted or 5-cleft (rarely 4-10-parted), the 

 latter plaited in the bud, and valvate or induplicate. Stamens exserted ; fila- 

 ments very short; anthers converging around the style, opening at the tip 

 by two pores or chinks. Berry usually 2-celled. Herbs, or shrubs in warm cli- 

 mates, the larger leaves often accompanied by a smaller lateral (rameal) one ; 



