SCROPHULARIACEAE (fIGWORT FAMILY) 721 



C. Bf COLOR Benth., of Cal., differing in its very short-ped uncled flowers, lias 

 been found " introduced " in a wooded ravine at Galesburg, 111. (0. Z. Nelson). 



2. C. violacea Nutt. Similar to no. I ; tipper leaves lanceolate; corolla vio- 

 let. — Kick soil, w. Mo. and e. Kan. to Tex. Apr., May. 



3. C. parvifl5ra Lindl. Small ; lower leaves ovate or rounded, the upper 

 oblong-lanceolate, mostly entire ; whorls 2-G-flowered ; flowers short-pednncled ; 

 the small blue and white corolla 5-8 mm. long, slightly exceeding the calyx. — 

 Rich soil and limy gravel, Ont., n. Mich., and westw. Maj, June. 



5. SCROPHULArIA [Tourn.] L. Fig wort 



Calyx deeply 5-cleft. Stamens declined, with the anther-cells transverse and 

 confluent into 1. Capsule many-seeded. — Rank herbs, with mostly opposite 

 leaves, and small greenish-purple or lurid flowers in loose cymes, forming a 

 terminal slender panicle. (So called because a reputed remedy for scrofula.) 



1. S. marilAndica L. Perennial, 1-1.7 m. high, with knotted root and square 

 stem, glandular-puberulent in the open pyramidal inflorescence, otherwise gla- 

 brous ] leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate, mostly acuminate, serrate or somewhat 

 incised ; dorsal lobes of the corolla suborbicular, little longer than the others ; 

 rudimentary stamen hrownish-purple ; capsule thin, subglobose, with short con- 

 ical summit. (S. nodosa, var. Gray.) — Rich open woods, e. Mass. to S. C, 

 Kan., and La. July-Sept. 



2. S. leporella Bicknell. Of similar habit, foliage, and pubescence ; root 

 more simple ; inflorescence slender, elongated ; dorsal lobes of the corolla broadly 

 oblong, erect, considerably longer than the others ; rudimentary stamen yellow- 

 ish-green; capsule ovoid-conical, of firmer texture. — Rich open woods, N. B. 

 and Que. to Minn., Mo., and Va. May-Sept. 



S. AQiiATiCA L., with crenate oblong very obtuse leaves (often biauriculate at 

 the base) and calyx-lobes with broad scarious margin, has been found upon 

 ballast in N. Y., N. J., and Pa. (Adv. from Eurasia.) 



6. PENTSTEMON [Mitchell] Ait. Beard-tongue 



Calyx 5-parted. Corolla tubular, gradually or abruptly dilated in the throat, 

 more or less 2-lipped ; upper lip 2-lobed, the lower 3-cleft. Fertile stamens 4, 

 declined at base, ascending above, the fifth sterile filament either naked or 

 bearded. Seeds numerous. — Perennials, with opposite entire or toothed leaves, 

 the upper sessile and mostly clasping. Flowers mostly showy, thyrsoid or in 

 open racemose panicles. (Name from vevre, five, and ar-qixujv, in the sense of 

 stamen; the fifth stamen being present and conspicuous, although sterile.) 



«f. Inflorescence viscid or glandular, at least minutely so ; leaves toothed or 

 entire h. 

 h. Middle and lower internodes pubescent or at least finely puberulent c. 

 c. Corolla slender, tubular or trumpet-shaped, without marked inflation 

 of the throat. 

 Middle and lower internodes somewhat loosely pubescent ; panicle 

 mostly loose and open ; corolla-limb suberect, not widely ex- 

 panding \. P. hirsutus 



Middle and lower internodes minutely granular-puberulent ; pan- 

 icle mostly strict and racemiform ; corolla-limb riugent or 



flaring 



C. Corolla with a decidedly dilated ventricose or campanulate open throat. 

 Corolla 3.5-5 cm. long; throat 2 cm. in diameter .... 

 Corolla 2-3 cm. long ; throat about 1 cm. in diameter. 



Inflorescence loosely paniculate; capsules 6-8 mm. long . 

 Inflorescence a strict dense racemiform panicle ; capsules 10-12 



mm. long 



b. Middle and lower internodes entirely smooth and glabrous. 



Corolla-limb subrotate, the lobes widely spreading .... 



Corolla-limb erect or but slightly spreading 



a. Inflorescence glabrous ; leaves entire. 



Corolla with a distinct ventricose throat. 

 Coroila 4-5 cm. long ; stem-leaves oval to suborbicular 

 Corolla 2.8-8.7 cm. long; stem-leaves ovatc-lanceolato to narrowly 



oblong 



Corolla trumpet-shaped, about 2 cm. long ; throat gradually dilated . 



«ray's manual— 4i^ 



