732- SCROPHULARIACEAE (^FIGWORT FAMILY^ 



21. BUCHNERA L. Blue Hearts 



Calyx obscurely nerved, ('orolla with a straight or curved tube and an 

 ahuost equally 5-cleft limb, tlie lobes oblong or wedge-obovate, flat. Stamens 

 included ; anthers one-celled (the other cell wanting). Style club-shaped and 

 entire. Capsule 2-valved, many-seeded. — Perennial rough-hairy herbs (doubt- 

 less root-parasitic), turning blackish in drying, with opposite leaves, or the 

 uppermost alterna^ ; the flowers opposite in a terminal spike, bracted and with 

 2 bractlets. (Named in honor of J. G. Buchner, an early German botanist.) 



1. B. americana L. Rough-hairy ; stem wand-like, 3-8 dm. high ; lower 

 leaves obovate-oblong, the others ovate-oblong to linear-lanceolate, sparingly 

 and coarsely toothed, veiny ; spike interrupted ; calyx longer than the bracts, 

 one third the length of the deep-purple corolla (2 cm. long). — Moist sandy 

 ground, N. J. to w. N. Y., s. Ont., Minn., and south w. June- Aug. 



22. CASTILLEJA Mutis. Painted Cup 



Divisions of the calyx entire or 2-lobed. Tube of the corolla included in the 

 calyx ; its upper lip (galea) keeled, flattened laterally. Anther-cells oblong- 

 linear, the outer fixed by the middle, the inner pendulous. Capsule many- 

 seeded. — Herbs (root-parasitic), with alternate entire or cut-lobed leaves; 

 the floral ones usually dilated, colored, and more showy than the yellow or 

 reddish spiked flowers. (Dedicated to Domingo Castillejo, a Spanish botanist.) 



1. C. coccinea (L.) Spreng. (Scarlet P.) Hairy biennial or annual; 

 stem simple ; root-leaves clustered, mostly entire, obovate or oblong ; those of 

 the stem incised ; the floral 3-5-cleft, bright scarlet toward the summit (rarely 

 yellow) ; cahjx about the length of the pale yellow corolla, equally cleft both sides, 

 the lobes quadrate-oblong, entire or retuse. — Low sandy ground, Mass. to 

 Man., s. to Va., Tenn., and Tex. 



2. C. pallida (L.) Spreng., var. septentrionalis (Lindl.) Gray. Perennial, 

 smooth or sparingly hairy, at the summit woolly ; leaves mainly entire, the 

 lower linear, upper broader ; the floral oblong or obovate, greenish-white, varying 

 to yellowish, purple, or red ; calyx equally cleft, the lobes oblong or lanceolate, 

 2-cleft ; corolla 1.5-2.5 cm. long, the galea decidedly shorter than the tube, not 

 over 2 or 3 times as long as the lip. (C acuminata Spreng.) — Damp gravelly 

 or rocky banks, Lab., Nfd., and westw., s. to the St. John R., the mts. of n. N. E., 

 the Great Lakes, Minn., and the Black Hills. June-Aug. 



3. C. sessilifl5ra Pursh. Perennial, L5-3 dm. high, very leafy, cinereous- 

 pubescent ; leaves mostly 3-5-cleft, with narrow diverging sometimes cleft lobes ; 

 the floral similar or broader, not at all colored; calyx deeper cleft in front, the 

 narrow lobes deeply 2-cleft ; corolla .3-4 cm. long, the short galea but twice as 

 long as the slender-lobed lip. — Prairies, Man. to 111., Mo., Tex., and tlie Rocky 

 Mts. May-July. 



23. ORTHOCARPUS Nutt. 



Corolla with the upper lip (galea) little longer and usually much narrower 

 than the inflated 1-3-saccate lower one. Otherwise nearly as Castilleja. (Name 

 from 6p66s, upright, and Kapirbs, fruit.) 



\. 0. liiteus Nutt. Annual, pubescent and hirsute, sometimes viscid, erect, 

 L5-4 dm. high; leaves linear to lanceolate, occasionally 3-cleft ; spike dense; 

 bracts broader, mostly 3-cleft, about equaling the flowers, not colored ; corolla 

 golden-yellow, 1 cm. long, 2-3 times as long as the calyx. — Plains, n. Minn., 

 Man., and westw. 



24 MELAMPYRUM [Tourn.] L. Cow Wheat 



Calyx bell-shaped, sharply cleft. Tube of corolla cylindrical, enlarging above •, 

 upper lip compressed, straight in front ; lower erect-spreading, biconvex, 3-lobed 

 at apex. Anthers approximate, oblong, nearly vertical, hairy ; the cells minutely 



