752 EUBIACEAE (MADDER FAMILY) 



1. C. occidentalis L. Smooth ; leaves petioled, essentially glabrous, ovate 

 or lanceolate-oblong, pointed, opposite or whorled in threes, with short interven- 

 ins; stipules. — Swamps and along streams, s. w. N. B. to w. Ont., and southw. 

 July, Aug. — Usually a shrub with us, rarely arborescent and 5 or 6 m. high. 

 (Mex., W. I.) 



Var. pub6scens Raf. Branchlets and at least the lower surfaces of the leaves 

 soft-pubescent. — 111. to Ga., La., and Tex. 



8. houst6nia l. 



Calyx 4-lobed, persistent ; the lobes in fruit distant. Corolla usually much 

 longer than the calyx-lobes, the lobes valvate iu the bud. Anthers linear or 

 oblong. Style 1 ; stigmas 2. Ovary 2-celled. Pod top-shaped, globular, or 

 didymous, thin, its summit or upper half free from and projecting beyond the 

 tube of the calyx, loculicidal across the top. Seeds 4-20 in each cell, pitted. — 

 Small herbs, with short entire stipules connecting the petioles or narrowed bases 

 of the leaves, and cymose or solitary and peduncled flowers ; these dimorphous, 

 in some individuals with exserted anthers aitd short included style ; in others 

 the anthers included and the style long, the stigmas therefore protruding. 

 (Named for Dr. William Houston, an English botanist, who collected in tropi- 

 cal America.) 



* Small and delicate, vernal-floimring ; peduncles \-flowered ; corolla salver- 

 form; upper half of the broad and somevhat 2-lobed pod free ; seeds globu- 

 lar, loith a very deep round cavity occupyiny the inner face. 



t- Perennial by delicate filiform creeping rootstocks or creeping stems; pedun- 

 cles filiform, 2-5 cm. long. 



1. H. caerulea L. (Bluets, Innocence.) Glabrous; stems erect, slender, 

 sparingly branched from the base, 0.5-2 dm. high ; leaves oblong-spatulate, 6-9 

 mm. long ; peduncle filiform, erect ; corolla light blue, pale lilac or nearly white, 

 with a yellowish eye, the straight slender long-exserted tube much longer than 

 its lobes or than those of the calyx. — Moist and grassy places, N. S. to Ga., 

 w. to Ont., Wise, and Ala.; producing from early spring to midsummer its 

 delicate little flowers. 



Var. Faxonorum Pease & Moore. Corolla white, with a prominent yellow 

 eye, the tube shorter, gradually expanding to the limb. — Alpine regions, 

 White Mts., N. H. 



2. H. serpyllif51ia Michx. Like the preceding species, but the filiform .-J^^ms 

 prostrate, extensively creeping and rooting ; leaves orbicular to ovate, 4-9 mm. 



long; corolla rather larger, and deep violet-blue. — Along 

 streamlets and on mts. , Pa. to Tenn. and S. C. 



-t- +- Winter-annuals, branching chiefly from the base ; root 

 simple ; peduncles much shorter. 



3. H. patens Ell. Stems 2 cm. to at length 1 dm. high, 

 with ascending branches and erect peduncles ; leaves spatu- 

 late to ovate ; corolla much smaller than that of no. 1, 

 violet-blue or purplish without yellowish eye, the tube longer 

 than its lobes, twice the length of the calyx-lobes. (H. minor 

 Britton.) — Dry or sandy soil, Va. to 111. and Mo., s. to Ga. 

 and Tex. Fig. 913. 



4. H. minima Beck. More diffuse, commonZi/ sca&ro?fs; 

 stems at length much branched and spreading, 2-10 cm. 

 high ; lowest leaves ovate or spatulate, the upper oblong 



a oaten* ^^ nearly linear ; earlier peduncles elongated and spreading 

 " in fruit, the later ones short ; tube of the purplish corolla 

 not longer than its lobes or the ample calyx-lobes (3 mm. long).— Dry hills, 

 s. e. Ta. to Tex. Mar.-May. 



