806 



COMPOSITAE QCOMPOSITE FAMILY) 



928. A. radula. 



veined^ closely sessile, 5-8 cm. long, nearly uniform ; heads 1-40 ; bracts of bell- 

 shaped involucre oblong, obtuse, appressed, clearly in several series, with very 

 short and slightly spreading herbaceous ciliate tips; rays pale 

 violet ; achenes smooth. — Bogs and low woods, Nfd. to Del. and 

 w. Va. July-Sept. Fig. 928. 



Var. strictus (Pursh) Gray. Slender, 1-8 dm. high ; heads 

 1-8 ; involucral bracts more foliaceous, acute or acutish, nearly 

 equal. (Var. biflorus Porter.) — Damp rocky or mossy places, 

 n. Lab. and Hudson B. to Nfd., N. B., and n. N. E. 



* * Involucre and usually the branchlets viscid- or pruinose- 

 glandular, well imbricated or loose; pubescence not silky ; 

 leaves entire (or the lower with few teeth), the cauline all 

 sessile or clasping ; rays showy, violet to purple ; involucral 

 bracts spreading, in few or many ranks. 



12. A. grandiflbnis L. Minutely 

 hispid; stems slender, loosely much 



branched, 3-9 dm. high ; leaves very small (0.5-4 cm. 



long), oblong-linear, obtuse, rigid, the uppermost 



passing into bracts of the hemispherical squarrose 



many-ranked involucre ; rays bright violet, 2.5 cm. 



long; achenes hairy. — Dry open places, Va., and 



south w. — Heads large and very showy. Fig. 929. 

 13. A. oblongifblius Nutt. Minutely glandular- 



puberulent, much branched above, rigid, paniculate- 

 corymbose, 3-7 dm. high ; leaves narrowly oblong or 



lanceolate, inucronate-pointed, partly clasping, tliick- 



ish, 2.5-5 cm. long, 0.5-1 cm. wide ; involucral bracts 



nearly equal, broadly linear, appressed at the base ; rays 

 violet-purple; achenes canescent. — Bluffs and rocky banks. 

 Pa. and Va. to Minn, and Kan. Sept., Oct. — Heads middle- 

 sized or smaller. Fig. 930. 



Var. rigidulus Gray. Low, rarely more than 3 dm, high, 

 with more rigid and hispidulous-scabrous leaves. {A. Kum- 

 leini Fries.) — More exposed situations. 111., Wise, and 

 southwestw. Late July-Oct. 



14. A. nbvae-angliae L. Stem stout., hairy, 0.5-2.5 m. 

 high, corymbed at the summit; leaves numerous., lanceolate., 

 entire, acute, auriculate-clasping, 



929. A. grandiflorus. 



1)30. A. oblongifolius. 



clothed loith minute pubescence, 0.5- 

 I dm. long ; bracts nearly equal, 



Unear-awl-shaped, loose, glandular-viscid, as well as 



the branchlets ; rays violet-purple, rarely white, very 



numerous ; achenes hairy. — Moist chiefly calcareous 



grounds, centr. Me. to w. Que., westw. and southw. 



Aug. -Oct. — Heads large; a very handsome species, 

 popular in cultivation. (Escaped 

 from gardens, and locally natu- 

 ralized in Eu.) Fig. 931. Var. 

 k6seus (Desf.) DC. Rays pink 

 or rose-color. — Range of the typ- 

 ical form, local. 



15. A. mod^stus Lindl. Pu- 

 bescent or glabrate ; stem slender, 



simple, with few large heads terminating slender branch- 

 lets ; leaves lanceolate, very acute, narroiced to a sessile 

 base, sparingly serrate or serrulate ; bracts linear-attenuate, 

 equal, mostly herbaceous ; rays dark violet. (A. major 

 Porter.) — Rich soil, w. Out. and n. Minn, to B. C. and 

 Ore. July-Sept. Fig. 932. 



A. novae-angllae. 



