COMPOSITAE (COMPOSITE FAMILY) b43 



69. GALINSdGA R. & P. 



Heads several-flowered, radiate ; rays 4-5, small, roundish, pistillate. Invo- 

 iUcre of 4-5 ovate thin bracts. Receptacle conical, with narrow chaff. Pappus 

 of small oblong cut-fringed chaffy scales, sometimes wanting. — Annual herbs, 

 with opposite triple-nerved thin leaves, and small heads ; disk yellow ; rays 

 white or reddish. (Named for Dr. Mariano Martinez de Galinsoga, a Spanish 

 botanist.) 



* Bays white; pappus of disk-Jloioers about equaling the achenes. 



1. G. parvifl6ra Cav. Pubescence subappressed ; leaves ovate, crenate- 

 serrate, petioled; pappus of the disk-flowers of spatulate obtusish scales. — 

 Koadsides and waste places, from N. E. across the continent. (Adv. from 

 Trop. Am.) Var. hispida DC. Pubescence more copious, not appressed ; 

 pappus-scales of the disk-flowers attenuate and bristle-tipped. — Me. to Ont., 

 Wise, and south w. (Nat. from Trop. Am.) 



* * Rays reddish; pappus of disk-flowers about half as long as the achenes. 



2. G. caracasXna (DC.) Sch. Bip. Pubescence loose and often rather 

 copious ; leaves as in no. 1. (G. hispida Benth.) — Waste land, Camden, N. J. ; 

 about mills, etc., Cumberland, Md. {Schriver), and probably elsewhece. (Adv. 

 from Trop. Am.) 



60. FLAVtRIA Juss. 



Heads 3-15-flowered, usually with but 1 ray-flower; flowers all fertile. 

 Involucral bracts few, subequal or 1-2 of the outer much shorter. Receptacle 

 small, naked or setose. Achenes oblong, 8-10-ribbed, glabrous ; pappus none. 

 — Opposite-leaved annuals with clustered small yellowish heads. (Name from 

 flaviis, yellow, the plant being used in dyeing.) 



1. F. campestris Johnston. Erect and glabrous, 3-6 dm. high, branched 

 above ; leaves linear or lanceolate, 3-nerved, mostly serrulate ; heads subsessile, 

 in mostly terminal glomerules ; involucre 3-bracteate, 2-5-flowered. (F. angus- 

 tifolia of auth., not Pers.) — Alkaline soil, w. Mo. (^Bush) to Col. and Mex. 

 May-Sept. 



61. HYMENOPApPUS L'H^r. 



Heads many-flowered ; flowers all tubular and perfect, with large revolute 

 corolla-lobes. Involucral bracts 6-12, loose and broad, thin, the upper part petal- 

 like, usually white. Receptacle small, naked. Achenes top-sliaped, with a 

 slender base, striate ; pappus of 15-20 blunt scales in a single row, very thin 

 (whence the name of the genus, from vfiriv, membrane, and ird-mros, pappus.) — 

 Biennial or perennial herbs, with alternate mostly dissected leaves, and corymbed 

 small heads of usually whitish flowers. 



* Pappus of very small roundish nerveless scales, 



1. H. carolin6nsis (Lam.) Porter. Somewhat flocculent-woolly when young, 

 leafy to the top, o-9 dm. high ; leaves 1-2-pinnately parted into linear or oblong 

 lobes ; involucral bracts roundish, mainly whitish ; pappus-scales very small, 

 roundish, nerveless. {H. scabiosaeus L'H^r.) — Sandy barrens. 111. to S. C, 

 and south w. May, June. 



2. H. corymbbsus T. & G. More slender, glabrate, naked above; bracts 

 obovate-oblong, petaloid at apex. — Woods and plains. Mo. and Neb. to Tex. 



62. POlfPTERIS Nutt. 



Heads few-flowered, small ; flowers all tubular, deeply 5-parted. Involucral 



bracts 8-10, herbaceous. Achenes slender-obpyramidal ; pappus of short 

 rounded pales or wanting. — Scabrous herbs with narrow short-petioled mostly 

 Hltemate leaves, and pedunculate loosely corymbose or paniculate small purplish 



