THE TRADE IN FOREIGN CHEESE 17 



an excellent equipment under a good landlord 

 in England than to pay no rent at all and we 

 are speaking only of cheese-making either on 

 the prairie of America or in the Australian bush. 

 We are quite aware of the fact that the figures 

 we have taken do not absolutely represent the 

 exact state of affairs in either country, inasmuch 

 as cheese is not made throughout the entire 

 season, but they are sufficient for our purpose, 

 for in both countries farmers obtain somewhat 

 higher receipts in the winter, either by the sale 

 of milk in England, or by the manufacture of 

 butter in America and the Colonies. Further, 

 the cheese-making farmer adds to his returns 

 by the production of pork, in the manufacture of 

 which he daily employs the whey from the cheese. 

 The Dutch farmer does very little better than 

 the Colonial farmer. As a small owner of land, 

 he has no rent to pay, and as the labour upon 

 his farm is confined to the management of the 

 cows and a few pigs and the production of 

 cheese, in which the wife of the farmer assists 

 materially, there is little out of pocket paid in 

 the year. The Italian farmers are not so fortu- 

 nate as the Dutch ; they are extremely poor, 



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