THE MILK INDUSTRY 121 



joint consumed every particle of the solid 

 matter in milk is digestible in the highest degree 

 they will be able to appreciate the fact that 

 the one food is not only more valuable in the 

 sustenance of mankind, but infinitely cheaper, 

 pound for pound. 



The cost of production of, milk depends upon 

 various circumstances, the rent of the land and 

 its quality, the cost of labour and the cost of 

 food. It also depends, particularly in winter, 

 upon the manner in which the food is selected 

 and utilized. Generally speaking, dairy cows 

 graze in summer, grass being occasionally sup- 

 plemented and this is extremely wise by the 

 addition of cotton cake, grains, or meal, whereas 

 in winter a common ration is chaff, pulped roots, 

 with cake, meal or grains mixed and given, after 

 heating for some hours, at the rate of so many 

 pounds per day. The cost of the production of 

 milk, then, depends upon the cost of the pro- 

 duction of the hay, straw, roots, or whatever is 

 grown upon the farm, as well as upon the cost 

 of the purchased foods. It follows, therefore, 

 that in producing milk, one of the chief objects 

 of the dairy farmer should be to grow heavy 



