THE MILK INDUSTRY 123 



Cream Separating Machine, excellent as it is, has 

 become, in some hands, a medium for the dis- 

 tribution of adulterated milk. When skilfully 

 used, separated milk can be mixed with whole 

 milk to a large extent and sold to the consumer 

 without any fear of detection and punishment, 

 and the reason is obvious. There is no standard 

 of quality, and so long as a sample of milk 

 satisfies the requirements of the public analyst 

 it usually passes muster. The analyst is generally 

 liberal-minded and generous, and in the absence 

 of a definite law he frequently permits individuals 

 to escape who ought to be severely punished. 

 An average sample of good milk, from whatever 

 part of England it may be taken, contains at 

 least 3*4 per cent, of fat and 12*3 per cent, of total 

 solids, but so long as a sample contains 275 

 per cent, of fat, and is not otherwise suspicious, it 

 generally passes muster. There is practically no 

 milk the produce of a well-fed herd of cows which 

 contains at any time less than 3 per cent, of fat, 

 but there are thousands of herds in which the 

 average milk contains from 3*5 to 5 per cent. 

 It is perfectly easy, therefore, to obtain milk of 



