GNATHOLEPIS 131 



head but greater than depth ; in males anal papilla long, slender, 

 and pointed, about 0.75 an eye diameter in length; in females 

 short, broad, cylindrical, round-tipped, its length less than 

 diameter of pupil. 



The color in alcohol pale brown above, merging into white 

 beneath, with a whitish spot in the center of each brown scale, 

 the spots forming longitudinal lines; a large, nearly circular, 

 blackish spot on base of caudal peduncle and four similar but 

 much paler spots along median lateral line, the anterior one 

 beneath pectoral and in line with first dorsal ; in some specimens 

 these spots are connected by a blackish line; on the opercle, 

 in front of pectoral, is a large, dusky, iridescent silver spot; 

 the upper part of eye covered by a heavily pigmented blackish 

 band; the pupil white, the cornea with more or less blue iri- 

 descence; the dorsals and anal sprinkled with minute specks 

 of dark brown; the caudal dusky with several white crossbars 

 or rows of spots ; the ventrals and pectorals faintly marked with 

 dusky specks or the central part of the ventrals may be blackish ; 

 the base of pectoral marked with a dusky spot on upper part. 



Here described from twelve female and five male specimens, 

 43 to 58 millimeters in length, obtained by me in the Manila 

 market in November, 1924. The smallest and the largest speci- 

 mens are females, and all the females are nearly ready to spawn, 

 one only being actually ripe. 



The Bureau of Science collection also contains the following 

 specimens, ranging from 46 to 77 millimeters in length: 



Manila, 2. Estancia, Panay, 1. 



Cavite, Cavite Province, Lu- Zarraga, Iloilo Province, Pa- 



zon, 4. nay, 1. 



Capiz, Capiz, Panay, 10. Sandakan, Borneo, 5. 

 Pontevedra, Capiz Province, 6. 



The Bureau of Science collection contains, in addition to the 

 above, ten specimens from Manila Bay, killed in 1917, by an 

 influx of "red water," or a plague of Peridinium. 



This species was described by Jordan and Scale from speci- 

 mens collected by Dr. Bashford Dean on the southern coast 

 of Negros. 



The six specimens from Pontevedra, Capiz, are all females 

 about ready to spawn, measuring 60 to 63 millimeters in length. 

 They were obtained August 3, 1925. 



55. GNATHOLEPIS VOLCANUS sp. nov. 



Dorsal 1-10; anal I, 11; there are 30 scales in a longitudinal 

 series, 9 in a transverse series, and 12 before the first dorsal. 



