TAMANKA 221 



to 1.6 times in its own length and 1.2 times its own depth; 

 the length of the very broad, rounded snout 3.25 to 3.85 times in 

 head ; the eyes high up, lateral, shorter than snout, in which they 

 are contained 1.2 to 1.6 times and 4.3 to 5 times in head ; the broad 

 flat interorbital a little wider than length of snout; the mouth 

 large, oblique, the thick protractile upper lip slightly projecting, 

 the chin full and somewhat prominent, the posterior angle of 

 maxillary beneath middle or posterior part of eye, the mouth 

 opened with difficulty in preserved specimens ; the teeth in outer 

 row of upper jaw very small but a little coarser and more widely 

 spaced than the others, closely followed by a wide band of three 

 or four rows of minute teeth; in lower jaw a wide band of five 

 rows of tiny teeth anteriorly, gradually reduced to three or two 

 posteriorly, none of them enlarged ; the body everywhere covered 

 with small scales, apparently cycloid because of the dense coat 

 of thick mucus covering the whole body but really ctenoid except 

 on nape, those before first dorsal a little smaller and extending 

 forward as far as above front margin of opercles, or centrally 

 a little more; the scales on opercles in seven or eight rows, the 

 scales about as large as those before first dorsal; minute scales 

 extend upon caudal a short distance; three lines of minute pa- 

 pillae extend from upper jaw horizontally across cheek and a 

 double line runs along lower and posterior margin of preopercle ; 

 a transverse line lies immediately behind preopercle on opercle; 

 the dorsals distinctly separated, the vertical fins all low, the 

 middle spines of first dorsal longest, 2 to 2.3 times in body depth ; 

 the second dorsal and anal of similar shape, all but the anterior 

 rays of nearly uniform height, more or less angulate posteriorly, 

 the second dorsal 1.5 to 1.8 in depth; the anal usually a little 

 higher, 1.5 to 1.75 in depth; the depth of caudal peduncle 2.8 

 to 3 times in head and 1.2 to 1.37 times in its own length; the 

 caudal fin very broadly rounded, its width equal to its length, 

 which is usually equal to the depth or a trifle more or less, 1.4 

 to 1.5 times in head ; the length of the broadly rounded pectoral 

 equals that of caudal and extends back to a point above anus, 

 or may reach to origin of anal fin; the ventrals very broad, 

 with a thick fleshy frenum forming a very deep suction cup, 

 their length 1.8 to 2 times in head, not extending to anus; the 

 anal papilla in males thick, triangular, pointed, f as long as 

 eye; in females it is thicker, much shorter, not pointed. 



The color of very large males black to umber; younger ones 

 deep brown ; the fins black, with a series of white spots forming 

 a crossband near margin of first dorsal, and a white crossband 



