DASCYLLUS 21 



in a narrow band, villiform, those on outer set large and con- 

 spicuously pointed. Width of preorbital at angle of mouth less 

 than half an eye diameter; suborbital narrow, finely serrated; 

 posterior and inferior edges of preopercle denticulated. 



Head everywhere covered with rough and thick ctenoid scales. 

 Dorsal spines rather strong and elevated, decreasing in height 

 posteriorly from the fourth. Soft dorsal pointed; soft anal 

 rounded; caudal forked, with two prominent spines on each 

 margin of base ; both pectoral and ventral extending to anus. 



Ground color of alcoholic specimens dull yellow, with three 

 broad, black crossbands, the first running vertically from crown 

 of head through eye to chin, leaving a yellowish area on anterior 

 portion of head, the second band descending from the first four 

 dorsal spines toward anterior half of ventrals, the third cross- 

 ing body from the soft dorsal to the anal fin. Caudal yellowish 

 at base and on upper and lower margins, the remainder black; 

 pectoral blackish, with a dusky wash at base; ventrals black; 

 posterior rays of vertical fins tipped with yellow. 



Here described from thirty-six specimens, 13.5 to 48 milli- 

 meters long, from Puerto Galera and Calapan, Mindoro; Cani- 

 garan, Palawan; Samal Island and Cotabato, Mindanao; and 

 Basbas and Sibutu Islands, Sulu Archipelago. A female ex- 

 ample, 44 millimeters long, taken at Calapan in January, 1923, 

 is in near-breeding condition; two others, 36 and 39.5 milli- 

 meters in length, obtained at Canigaran in November, 1925, 

 are ripe females. 



This species has been reported from Cagayancillo by Jordan 

 and Richardson. It is known throughout the East Indies east- 

 ward to the Carolines and Melanesia. 



DASCYLLUS ARUANUS (Linneus) 



Chaetodon aruanus LINNAEUS, Syst. Nat. ed. 10 1 (1758) 464; 

 BLOCK, Ichth. 6 (1799) 45, pi. 198, fig. 2. 



Lut janus aruanus LACEPEDE, Hist. Nat. Poiss. 4 (1803) 720. 



Pomacentrus aruanus RUPPELL, Fische des Rothen Meers (1828) 39. 



Dascyllus aruanus CUVIER and VALENCIENNES, Hist. Nat. Poiss. 5 

 (1830) 325; BLEEKER, Nat. Tijd. Ned. Ind. 6 (1854) 108; GUNTHER, 

 Cat. Fishes 4 (1862) 12; Fische der Siidsee 2 (1876) 235, pi. 124, 

 fig. B; MEYER, Ann., Soc. Espana Hist. Nat. 14 (1885) 12; JORDAN 

 and SEALE, Bull. U. S. Bur. Fisheries 25 (1906) 290; 26 (1907) 27; 

 FOWLER and BEAN, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 62 (1922) 49. 



Chaetodon araneus BENNETT, Fishes of Ceylon (1834) 17, pi. 17. 



Tetradrachmum arcuatum CANTOR, Cat. Malay. Fishes (1850) 241; 

 BLEEKER, Nat. Verh. Holl. Maats. Wet. 2 (1877) 147; Atlas Ichth. 9 

 (1878) pi. 409, fig. 6. 



