GERMAN 



ue, etc., are not to be used as equivalent to A, 6, a, u, etc., but 

 are to represent double syllables. Thus: Benzoesaure, Oktaeder. 

 The dieresis is only to be used in such cases when necessary to 

 prevent errors. 



3. C before e, i and y is to be replaced by z, thus, ProzeB, 

 Porzellan, Prinzip, dissoziieren, spezifisch, Rezipient, reziprok, 

 Rezept, reduzieren, Zylinder. 



4. C when having the sound of k is replaced by k. Thus, 

 Kontakt, Kuvert, direkt, dekrepitieren, konzentrieren, Molekiil, 

 koagulieren, Kalzium, Reaktion, abstrakt. 



5. ss, when following a long vowel sound or at the end of a 

 word, gives place to 8 among small letters; among capitals SS, 

 similarly placed, becomes SZ. 



The use of the spelling system thus indicated and known as the 

 "volkstumliche Schreibweise," while not involving distinctly new 

 features tended to establish uniformity where confusion had long 

 prevailed. Its adoption was strongly urged by Duden and ap- 

 proved by the Prussian Minister of Education through the 

 "Regeln." It met with opposition from various scientific or- 

 ganizations (foremost among whom were the botanists and zo- 

 ologists) in the case of the spelling of scientific or technical terms, 

 particularly those of Latin origin. 



It was then proposed to limit the application of rules 3 and 4 

 to the common language, and to retain the c in such words as 

 Calcium, Concentration, Curcuma, Acetylen. Thus arose the 

 so-called "gelehrte" or "wissenschaftliche Schreibweise." The 

 deutsche chemische Gesellschaft formally approved the "gelehrte 

 Schreibweise" in November, 1906, for its two journals, the 

 "Berichte" and "chemisettes Zentralblatt" in the case of scientific 

 or technical terms, but sanctioned the "volkstumliche Schreib- 

 weise" for non-technical terms.* In much of the recent literature 

 of chemistry, as well as other sciences, the "wissenschaftliche or 

 gelehrte Schre'ibweise" is followed. In some scientific journals 

 and books the "volkstumliche Schreibweise" is used exclusively. 

 Some writers use the two systems rather indiscriminately, follow- 

 ing in the same sentence sometimes one and sometimes the other 

 * Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft, 1906, page 4448. 



