140 HAND-BOOK OF PHYSIOLOGY. 



special sense. The muscles, also, of the face and lower jaw acquire 

 muscular sensibility, through the filaments of the ganglioiiic portion of 

 the fifth nerve distributed to them with their proper motor nerves. The 

 sensory function of the branches of the greater division of the fifth 

 nerve is proved, by all the usual evidences, such as their distribution in 

 parts that are sensitive and not capable of muscular contraction, the ex- 

 ceeding sensibility of some of these parts, their loss of sensation when 



FIG. 346. General plan of the branches of the fifth pair. 1-3. 1, lesser root of the fifth pair; 2, 

 greater root passing forward into the Gasserian ganglion; 3, placed on the bone above the ophthal- 

 mic nerve, which is seten dividing into the supra-orbital, lachrymal, and nasal branches, the latter 

 connected with the ophthalmic ganglion; 4, placed on the bone close to the foramen rotundum. marks 

 the superior maxillary division, which is connected below with the spheno-palatine ganglion, and 

 passes forward to the infra-orbital foramen : 5, placed on the bone over the foramen ovale, marks 

 the inferior maxillary nerve, giving off the anterior auricular and muscular branches, and continued 

 by the inferior dental to the lower jaw, and by the gustatory to the tongue; er, the submaxillary 

 gland, the submaxillary ganglion placed above it in connection with the gustatory nerve; 6, the 

 chorda tympani; 7, the facial nerve issuing from the stylo-mastoid foramen. (Charles Bell.) 



the nerve is paralyzed or divided, the pain without convulsions produced 

 by morbid or experimental irritation of the trunk or branches of the nerve, 

 and the analogy of this portion of the fifth to the posterior root of the 

 spinal nerve. 



Other Functions.- In relation to muscular movements, the branches 

 of the greater or ganglionic portion of the fifth nerve exercise a manifold 

 influence on the movements of the muscles of the head and face, and 

 other parts in which they are distributed. They do so, in the first place 

 (a), by providing the muscles themselves with that sensibility without 

 which the mind, being unconscious of their position and state, cannot 



