VASCULAR SYSTEM 49 



9. The Renal Arteries are two large arteries which 

 arise one on either side and supply the kidneys. 



10. The Spermatic Arteries, in the male, are two 

 long, slender arteries which arise a little posterior 

 to the renal arteries. They pass backward through 

 the inguinal canal as part of the spermatic cord 

 and supply the testes. 



In the female the Ovarian Arteries arise in nearly 

 the same place and supply the ovaries. 



1 1 . The Inferior Mesenteric Artery arises some dis- 

 tance posterior to the last, and is distributed to 

 the lower part of the large intestine and rectum. 



1 2. The Ilio-lumbar Arteries are two arteries which 

 arise on either side of the aorta, and supply the 

 muscles of the back. 



13. The External Iliac Arteries are two large ar- 

 teries given off in the posterior part of the abdom- 

 inal cavity. They run outward and downward to 

 each hind limb. Before passing Poupart's liga- 

 ment each gives off a large branch, the obturator 

 artery, which passes through the obturator fora- 

 men to the muscles on the back of the pelvis. 

 The obturator artery has a branch, the epigastric- 

 artery, which passes forward along the abdominal 

 wall and anastomoses with the internal mammary 

 artery. Each external iliac artery passes beneath 

 Poupart's ligament to reach the thigh, where it 

 becomes the femoral artery. Near its origin each 

 gives off the deep femoral or profunda artery to 

 the muscles of the thigh. At the knee-joint the 



