SAXICOLA 29 



with chocolate brown ; bill blackish-horn ; legs plumbeous in front ; 

 dusky behind ; iris hazel. Culmen TO, wing 4'15, tail 2'65, tarsus 

 1 '35 inch. The young bird has the sides of the head and neck, and the 

 upper parts generally blackish brown with sub-terminal rufous margins ; 

 wings and coverts with white or pale rufous margins ; tail black narrowly 

 tipped with white ; under parts blackish brown, the feathers fringed with 

 ashy. 



Hob. Eastern Siberia, Kamchatka, Corea, Japan, and the 

 greater part of China. 



In general habits it is said not to differ from its congeners, 

 and like them frequents running streams, chiefly in the moun- 

 tains. I do not find any description of its nest, but its eggs are 

 similar to those of the European Dipper. 



SAXICOLA, Bechstein, 1802. 



42. THE WHEATEAR. 

 SAXICOLA CENANTHE. 



Saxicola cenanthe, (Linn.), Syst. Nat. i. p. 332, (1766) ; Hewitson, i. p. 

 110, pi. xxx. fig. 3 ; Naumann, iii. p. 863, Taf. 89, figs. 1, 2 ; 

 Gould, B. of Gt. Brit. ii. pi. 65 ; Newton, i. p. 347 (1873) ; Dresser, 

 ii. p 187, pi. xxi ; Seebohm Cat. B. Br. Mus. V. p. 39] ; Gates, F. 

 Brit. Ind. Birds, ii. p. 76 ; Tacz. F. 0. Sib., 0. p. 352 ; Saunders, 

 p. 19 ; Lilford, iii. p. 22, pi. 11. 



Motteux-cul-UaMC, French ; Caiada, Portug. ; Culillanco, Span.; 

 Culbianco, Ital. ; Steinschmdtzer, German : Tapint, Dutch ; 

 StensJcvette, Dan. , Stendulp, Norweg. ; Stenskvatta, Swed. ; Kat- 

 girastis, Lapp ; Kimtasku, Kivi-rastas, Finn. ; Poputcliick, Russ. 

 Stcndepill, Icel. 



ad. (Sweden). Upper parts to the rump ashy grey ; forehead, a 

 superciliary line, rump and upper tail-coverts white ; a line from the 

 lores to the ear-coverts black ; wings blackish brown, central rectrices 

 white at the base, otherwise black ; remaining rectrices white broadly 

 tipped with black ; under parts white, or white washed with buff ; under 

 wing-coverts and axillaries mixed black and white ; bill and legs black ; 

 iris brown. Culmen 0'75, wing 3'8, tail 2-35, tarsus I'l inch. The female 

 has the upper parts brown ; wings hair brown ; tail as in the male but 

 the black portion is brown in the female, under parts light reddish brown. 

 The young resemble the female. In winter the male has the upper parts 

 more or less brown, the under parts more rufous, the secondaries and 

 wing-coverts edged with rufous, and the female is more rufous in tinge 

 and has the secondaries and wing-coverts edged with rufous. 



Hob. Europe generally, north to Iceland and Greenland, south 

 to the Mediterranean, and northern Africa in winter; Asia 



