SYLVIA 73 



upper tail-coverts and tail are not so deep red in colour, and the first 

 primary is about equal in length to the primary-coverts. Culmen 0'7, 

 wing 3'3, tail 3'1, tarsus I'l inch, second primary equal to the fifth in 

 length. 



Hob. The Caucasus east to Persia and Turkestan. Two 

 specimens have been obtained in Oudh, India, one in October and 

 one in November. 



In general habit it agrees closely with the Western 

 Nightingale but its song is inferior. Its nest and eggs also 

 closely resemble those of D. luscinia. 



SYLVIA, Scop, 1769. 



109. BARRED WARBLER. 



SYLVIA NISORIA. 



Sylcia nisoria (Bechst.) Gemeinn. Naturg. Deutschl. iv. p. 580, pi. xvii. 

 (1795) ; Naumann, ii. p. 430 Taf. 76, figs. 1, 2 ; Gould, B. of Eur. 

 ii. p. 128 ; Dresser, ii. p. 435, pi. 68 ; Seebohm, Cat. B. Br. Mus. 

 v. p. 6 ; Saunders, p. 51 ; Lilford, iii. p. 60, pi. 30. 



Fauvette dperviere, French ; Bigia stricita, Ital. ; Sperber- 

 (jrasmucke, German ; Brystvatret-Sanger, Dan. ; Brostvattrad- 

 sdngare, Swed. ; Podoreschnik, Russ. ; Kirjarinta-kerttu, Finn. 



$ r/. (Sweden). Upper parts dark ashy grey with a brownish tinge 

 on the back ; the lower back, rump, upper tail-coverts, and some of the 

 scapulars barred with blackish grey and tipped with white ; quills dark 

 brown ; tail dark ashy, the outer feather bordered externally with white, 

 the rest except the central ones similarly bordered on the inner web ; 

 sides of neck and head and greyish, the rest of the under parts white, all 

 barred with dark ashy grey crescentic bands ; flanks washed with grey ; 

 bill dark horn, yellowish at base of lower mandible ; legs dull yellowish 

 flesh ; iris pale yellow. Culmen 0'65, wing 3'5, tail 2*95, tarsus I'O inch. 

 The female resembles the male, but is browner and less barred on the 

 under parts. The young are unbarred, sandy grey above and white below, 

 on the breast and flanks washed with sandy buff ; wings and tail browner, 

 the secondaries and wing- coverts edged and tipped with dull whitey 

 brown. 



Hcih. Europe ; from southern Sweden east to the Ural and 

 south to the Rhine ; Turkestan, the Altai range, Persia, and the 

 Caucasus, and winters south of Nubia, probably in Central 

 Africa ; has frequently occurred as far west as Great Britain and 

 Ireland. 



